World & Physical Geography MCQs

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The sun accounts for approximately 99.86% of the total mass of the solar system. The remaining 0.14% is made up of the planets and their moons, as well as asteroids, comets, and other small bodies. The sun is an enormous, luminous ball of gas that is the dominant gravitational force in the solar system. It is made up of mostly hydrogen and helium, and is so massive that the gravitational pull of its own mass keeps it from collapsing under its own weight. The sun is the primary source of light and heat for the solar system and plays a vital role in the formation and evolution of the planets and other bodies that orbit around it.

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Canadian Flag is also known as Maple Leaf Flag (l’Unifolié in French). It consists of a red field with a white square at its centre having a 11-pointed red maple leaf.

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Inselberg are similar to the monadnocks found in peneplains.They are formed due to erosional aeolian action.

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A rift valley is a valley with steep fault scarps and block mountains on both sides. Rift valleys are formed when tension causes the central portion to be let down between two adjacent fault blocks. The East African Rift Valley system is an example of a rift valley.
Block mountains are formed when large areas of the earth break and subside vertically. The uplifted blocks are called horsts and the lowered blocks are called graben. The Sierra Nevada mountain range in California is an example of fault block mountains.
Block mountains are formed when two tectonic plates move away from each other, causing cracks on the surface of the Earth. This forces a slab of land to break off and is forced upwards.

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A chain of roughly adjacent metropolitan areas is called a megalopolis. The term was first used in the early 20th century to describe a cluster of well-networked cities. Megalopolises can occur for a variety of reasons, such as certain areas attracting more growth than others.
A megalopolis is typically the center of a region’s economic, political, and cultural activity. The term was originally used by Patrick Geddes in his 1915 book, “Cities in Evolution”. In the early 1960s, French geographer Jean Gottman used the term to describe the belt on the east coast of the United States.

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Please note that the first statement is not correct. Equator has theoretical constant 12 hours of day and night throughout the year, though in practice there are variations of a few minutes due to the effects of atmospheric refraction and because sunrise and sunset are measured from the time that the edge of the Sun’s disk is on the horizon, rather than the center of the disk.

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As the river flows down with high velocity, vertical erosion or downward cutting will be high which results in the formation of V-Shaped Valleys.

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A meteor is a meteoroid or a particle broken off an asteroid or comet orbiting the Sun. It burns up as it enters the Earth’s atmosphere, creating the effect of a “shooting star”. Meteoroids that reach the Earth’s surface without disintegrating are called meteorites.

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In the given figure, four islands of Indian Ocean region are Chagos, Socotra, Seychelles and Mauritius which are marked as 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
The Chagos Archipelago or Chagos Islands are a group of seven atolls comprising more than 60 individual tropical islands in the Indian Ocean about 500 kilometres south of the Maldives archipelago.
Socotra, also called Soqotra, located between the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, is the largest of four islands in the Socotra archipelago. The territory is located near major shipping routes and is officially part of Yemen, and had long been a subdivision of the Aden Governorate.
The Seychelles is an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, off East Africa. It’s home to numerous beaches, coral reefs and nature reserves, as well as rare animals such as giant Aldabra tortoises. Mahe, a hub for visiting the other islands, is home to capital Victoria. It also has the mountain rainforests of Morne Seychellois National Park and beaches, including Beau Vallon and Anse Takamaka.
Mauritius, an Indian Ocean island nation, is known for its beaches, lagoons and reefs. The mountainous interior includes Black River Gorges National Park, with rainforests, waterfalls, hiking trails and wildlife like the flying fox. Capital Port Louis has sites such as the Champs de Mars horse track, Eureka plantation house and 18th-century Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Botanical Gardens.

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The Great Chagos Bank is the largest atoll in the world, covering the area of 12,642 square kilometres. It is located in the south of the Maldives, in the Indian Ocean.