World & Physical Geography MCQs
World Geography Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) Quiz for State and UPSC Civil Services Examinations. Objective Questions on Physical Geography and World Geography for competitive examinations.
1. Who is known as father of geography?
[A] Plato
[B] Aristotle
[C] Ptolemy
[D] Eratosthenes
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Eratosthenes]
Notes:
Eratosthenes coined the word Geography. Geo means- Earth; Graphos means- Description; Geography means- Earth description. Eratosthenes calculated the circumference of the Earth and also tilt axis of the Earth. He is known as Father of Geography.
2. Mohorovičić discontinuity is also known as a boundary between ____?
[A] Earth’s crust and mantle
[B] Sial and Sima
[C] Lithosphere and Exosphere
[D] Mantle and Earth’s Core
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Earth’s crust and mantle]
Notes:
The Mohorovicic Discontinuity, or “Moho,” is the boundary between the crust and the mantle. Guttenberg is between Mantle and outer core, Lehman is between outer core and inner core.
3. Newcastle Port, the world’s largest coal export port is located in which country?
[A] Canada
[B] Australia
[C] Mexico
[D] USA
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Australia]
Notes:
Port of Newcastle is located in Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia. It is the world’s largest coal export port. The port is a river port with a tidal range of 2m. The main channel has a design depth of 15.2m. The current maximum sized vessel accommodated by the Port is 300m LOA and 50m beam.
The Port of Newcastle has announced that it will be powered 100% by renewable energy as part of its plan to decarbonise by 2040. The port is now powered entirely by green energy.
4. Baobab trees are known for their huge capacity to store water in their trunk (almost 1 Lakh litres). Baobab trees are most commonly found in which of the following countries?
[A] China
[B] United States
[C] Madagascar
[D] Brazil
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [ Madagascar]
Notes:
Baobab is also known as the ‘Tree of Life’. Baobab is capable of providing shelter, clothing, food, and water for human inhabitants and animals of the African Savannah regions.
5. Which of the following is indicated by the portions marked with ‘B’?
[A] Coal fields
[B] Atomic power plants
[C] Fertilizer complexes
[D] Oil refineries
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Oil refineries]
Notes:
An oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is transformed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel and fuel oils. It is indicated by the potion marked with ‘B’.
6. In the map given below, four islands of Indian Ocean region i.e. (A) Seychelles, (B) Chagos, (C) Mauritius and (D) Socatra are marked as 1, 2, 3 and 4. Match them and select the correct answer from the codes given below.
[A] 1 3 4 2
[B] 3 1 2 4
[C] 1 3 2 4
[D] 3 1 4 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [3 1 4 2]
Notes:
In the given figure, four islands of Indian Ocean region are Chagos, Socotra, Seychelles and Mauritius which are marked as 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
The Chagos Archipelago or Chagos Islands are a group of seven atolls comprising more than 60 individual tropical islands in the Indian Ocean about 500 kilometres south of the Maldives archipelago.
Socotra, also called Soqotra, located between the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, is the largest of four islands in the Socotra archipelago. The territory is located near major shipping routes and is officially part of Yemen, and had long been a subdivision of the Aden Governorate.
The Seychelles is an archipelago of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean, off East Africa. It’s home to numerous beaches, coral reefs and nature reserves, as well as rare animals such as giant Aldabra tortoises. Mahe, a hub for visiting the other islands, is home to capital Victoria. It also has the mountain rainforests of Morne Seychellois National Park and beaches, including Beau Vallon and Anse Takamaka.
Mauritius, an Indian Ocean island nation, is known for its beaches, lagoons and reefs. The mountainous interior includes Black River Gorges National Park, with rainforests, waterfalls, hiking trails and wildlife like the flying fox. Capital Port Louis has sites such as the Champs de Mars horse track, Eureka plantation house and 18th-century Sir Seewoosagur Ramgoolam Botanical Gardens.
7. Consider the following about different seas and their properties:
- The Bulgarian Black Sea Coast, also known as the Bulgarian Riviera, extends from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to European Turkey in the south.
- The Northern Red Sea Region of Eritrea occupies the northern three quarters of the Red Sea.
- The Yellow Sea is located between China and Korea, and it represents the northern part of the East China Sea, which is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean.
- The Caspian Sea, which is the world’s largest inland body of water, has coastlines that are shared by Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan.
Which of the above statements is / are correct?
[A] Only 1 and 2
[B] Only 1, 2 and 3
[C] Only 3 and 4
[D] All Are Correct Statements
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [All Are Correct Statements]
Notes:
All of the statements are correct. The Bulgarian Black Sea Coast extends from the Romanian Black Sea resorts in the north to European Turkey in the south. The Northern Red Sea Region of Eritrea does indeed occupy the northern three quarters of the Red Sea. The Yellow Sea is located between China and Korea and is a part of the East China Sea. Lastly, the Caspian Sea is the world largest inland body of water with coastlines that are shared by Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan.
8. The Great Bahama Canyon is found in which ocean?
[A] Arctic Ocean
[B] Pacific Ocean
[C] Atlantic Ocean
[D] Indian Ocean
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Atlantic Ocean]
Notes:
The Great Bahama Canyon is found in the Atlantic Ocean. It is one of the deepest submarine canyon systems. It is located in the Bahamas that cuts between the Abaco Islands and Eleuthera Island.
9. What does the Lithosphere comprise of?
[A] The upper and the lower crust
[B] The core and the lower level of the mantle
[C] The crust and the upper layer of the mantle
[D] The upper mantle and the lower mantle
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [The crust and the upper layer of the mantle]
Notes:
The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere.
10. Which among the following statements about igneous rocks is/are correctly matched?
- Felsic – light colored rocks that are rich in elements such as aluminum, potassium,etc
- Mafic – dark colored rocks that are rich in calcium, iron, magnesium, etc
Select the correct code from the options given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2
[C] Both 1 & 2
[D] Neither 1 & 2
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Both 1 & 2]
Notes:
Igneous rocks are divided into Felsic (light colored) and Mafic (Dark colored) on the basis of the composition of various minerals.
