World & Physical Geography MCQs

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Venus rotates on its polar axis backwards compared to Earth, so a Venus sunrise occurs in the west and sunset in the east.

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The dead sea is the sea with highest salinity. It has a salinity of 342 g/kg, or 34.2% it is one of the world’s saltiest bodies of water. The average salt concentration of of Dead Sea around 34% is much higher compared to an average of 3.5% for the world’s oceans. This high level of salinity is due to the fact that the Dead Sea is a saltwater lake that has no outlet, so the water is unable to flow out and dissipate its salt content. Instead, the salt remains in the water, leading to a very high concentration of minerals and other dissolved substances. The high salinity of the Dead Sea also makes it extremely buoyant, allowing people to float easily on its surface.

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Paleoclimatology is the study of ancient climates, prior to the widespread availability of instrumental records. Scientists can use those environmental recorders to estimate past conditions, extending our understanding of climate back hundreds to millions of years.

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Anatolia, also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula in Western Asia and the westernmost protrusion of the Asian continent. It constitutes the largest part of the territory of Turkey. Anatolia is bounded by the Black Sea to the north, the Mediterranean Sea to the south, the Aegean Sea to the west, and the borders of Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east.

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The Comoros is a volcanic archipelago off Africa’s east coast, in the warm Indian Ocean waters of the Mozambique Channel. It is the only country in the world to be a member of African Union, Francophonie, Organization of the Islamic Conference, Arab League and Indian Ocean Commission.

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The longest day in Australia occurs on December 22, which is the summer solstice in the Southern Hemisphere. On this day, Australia experiences the most daylight hours, with regions like Darwin having up to 13.5 hours of sunlight. In contrast, June 21 is the winter solstice, resulting in the shortest day. September 22 and March 23 are equinoxes, where day and night are approximately equal in length.

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The June solstice is the Summer Solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and the Winter Solstice the Southern Hemisphere. Similarly, December Solstice or Summer solstice in Southern Hemisphere is on 21 December. Australia will experience the longest day on 22 December and shortest day on 21 June.

Notes:
Summer is warmer than winter (in each hemisphere) because the Sun’s rays hit the Earth at a more direct angle during summer than during winter and also because the days are much longer than the nights during the summer. These effects are due to the tilt of the Earth’s axis. Also the earth is closer to the sun in summer than in winter.

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Comet Shoemaker–Levy 9 was a comet that broke apart in July 1992 and collided with Jupiter in July 1994, providing the first direct observation of an extraterrestrial collision of Solar System objects.

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• Sima is the earth’s crusts lower layer and contains rocks with an abundance of magnesium silicate minerals, the word Sima is an amalgam of the first two letters of Magnesium and Silica.
• In geology, the term ‘sial’ refers to the composition of the upper layer of the Earth’s crust, namely rocks rich in silicates and aluminum minerals. As these elements are less dense than the majority of the earth’s elements, they tend to be concentrated in the upper layer of the crust.
• The crust and the upper layer of the mantle together make up a zone of rigid, brittle rock called the Lithosphere. The layer below the rigid lithosphere is a zone of asphalt-like consistency called the Asthenosphere. The asthenosphere is the part of the mantle that flows and moves the plates of the Earth.
• A peninsula is a landform surrounded by water on the majority of its border while being connected to a mainland from which it extends. Peninsulas are not always named as such; one can also be a headland, cape, island promontory, bill, point, fork, or spit.