World & Physical Geography MCQs

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‘Ecology is defined as the scientific study of the relationship of living organisms with each other and with their environment.’ It has been derived from two Greek words, ‘oikos’, meaning home or estate and ‘logos’ meaning study. Ecology not only deals with the study of the relationship of individual organisms with their environment, but also with the study of populations, communities, ecosystems, biomes, and biosphere as a whole.

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Antwerp, located in Belgium, is globally recognized as the diamond trade’s epicenter. This city, rich in art and history, houses about 84 percent of the world’s rough diamonds and 50 percent of cut diamonds. It has over 1,500 firms dealing specifically in diamonds, making it the world’s unrivaled diamond trading hub. The Antwerp province’s diamond district also houses four of the world’s 30 diamond bourses, avenues where legally certified diamonds are traded.

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A Quadrant is the instrument used for measuring altitudes and angles in navigation and astronomy. A quadrant is an instrument that is used to measure angles up to 90°.

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The name “Ecuador” originates from the Latin word “aequator,” which means “equal”. It refers to the country’s geographical position straddling the equator, which bisects the nation into two nearly equal halves. This uniqueness has been reflected in its name to denote its location. In addition to this, Ecuador is the only country in the world to be named after a geographical feature.

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Antarctica as a continent has highest mean elevation, with an average elevation of 7,545 feet above sea level. The elevation of Antarctica at the South Pole is 9300 feet while the tallest mountain peak in Antarctica is Mount Vinson with a height of 16050 feet.

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Pemba Island is famous for the cultivation of cloves. The island is part of the Zanzibar Archipelago in Tanzania, which is located in the Indian Ocean. Pemba is known as the “clove island” because it is the world’s main exporter of cloves. The island has 3.5 million clove trees, which is the largest concentration of clove trees in Zanzibar. Pemba’s growing conditions are better than those on Unguja island.  Zanzibar’s main industries are spices, raffia, and tourism. The islands produce cloves, nutmeg, cinnamon, and black pepper. The Zanzibar Archipelago, along with Tanzania’s Mafia Island, are sometimes called the “Spice Islands”.

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Equinox occurs when center of Sun and Earth’s equator are in same plane.

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The moon has a significant impact on tides, due to the gravitational attraction of the moon on the Earth’s water. This effect is magnified when the moon’s gravitational attraction aligns with the gravitational pull of the sun. This produces the highest high tides and lowest low tides, known as spring tides. When the pull of the moon and the sun are perpendicular to each other, the lowest high tides and highest low tides, collectively termed neap tides, are produced. While ocean currents are primarily affected by winds and the Coriolis force, tides can have a large impact on currents near the coasts.

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Slate is a fine-grained, foliated, homogeneous metamorphic rock derived from an original shale-type sedimentary rock composed of clay or volcanic ash through low-grade regional metamorphism.

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Third statement is an incorrect statement because days and nights can be longer than 24 hours inside the Circle. The polar night occurs when the night lasts for more than 24 hours and polar day occurs when day lasts for more than 24 hours.