World & Physical Geography MCQs

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Study of rocks- Petrology Study of soils- Pedology Study of mountains- Orology

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During Volcano Molten lava erupted from the earth’s interior, support that temperature increases towards the centre of the earth. The temperature at the centre is estimated to lie somewhere between 3000°C and 50000C.

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The correct answer is Western Disturbances. These are weather systems originating in the Mediterranean region that bring moisture-laden winds to the Indian subcontinent, particularly affecting northern India, including Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. They typically occur during winter and early spring, contributing to rainfall and influencing the agricultural patterns in these regions. Eastern Disturbances are less common and do not importantly impact these areas.

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The Helsinki Commission, or HELCOM, specifically focuses on the protection of the marine environment of the Baltic Sea. Established in 1974, HELCOM aims to reduce pollution and promote sustainable management of the Baltic Sea, which is one of the most polluted seas in the world due to heavy maritime traffic and industrial activities. The Baltic Sea is unique as it is a brackish body of water, with a lower salinity than oceanic waters, affecting its ecosystem.

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The Larsemann Hills are a series of low rounded coastal hills along the southeastern shore of Prydz Bay, Antarctica extending for 9 nautical miles (17 km).

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Quaternary is the current and most recent of the three periods of the Cenozoic Era in the geologic time scale. It follows the Neogene Period and spans from 2.588 ± 0.005 million years ago to the present.

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Russia has the largest natural gas reserves in the world, with 38 trillion cubic meters (1,341 trillion cubic feet). This is equivalent to about 19% of the world’s total reserves. Russia exports 26% of its gas production to other countries. The Arctic accounts for over 80% of Russia’s natural gas production.

The top five countries with the largest natural gas reserves are:

1. Russia
2. Iran
3. Qatar
4. USA
5. Saudi Arabia

The world has proven reserves equivalent to 52.3 times its annual consumption. This means it has about 52 years of gas left at current consumption levels.

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The salinity of Red Sea is greater than the world average, approximately 4 percent. It has been also cited as most saline open sea due to high rate of evaporation and very little precipitation, Lack of significant rivers or streams draining into the sea and limited connection with the Indian Ocean, which has lower water salinity.

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Doldrums or equatorial belt of calms, area around the earth centered slightly north of the equator between the two belts of trade winds. The large amount of solar radiation that arrives at the earth in this area causes intense heating of the land and ocean. This heating results in the rising of warm, moist air; low air pressure; cloudiness; high humidity; light, variable winds; and various forms of severe weather, such as thunderstorms and squalls. Hurricanes originate in this region. The doldrums are also noted for calms, periods when the winds disappear, trapping sailing vessels for days or weeks.

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Stars have a life cycle that starts from a nebula, a cloud of dust and plentiful gas. From this, a protostar is formed which, if it has sufficient mass, becomes a red dwarf. As the star exhausts its hydrogen, it becomes a white dwarf and eventually, it may explode as a supernova. Not all stars go through the same cycle, as it depends on their mass.