World & Physical Geography MCQs

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Study of rocks- Petrology Study of soils- Pedology Study of mountains- Orology

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Lithosphere refers to the portion of depth up to 200 km from the surface of the earth.
The crust and the uppermost part of the mantle are called lithosphere. Its thickness ranges from 10-200 km.

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Halley’s Comet is one of the most famous comet. It is a “periodic” comet. It returns to Earth’s vicinity about every 75 years and this makes it possible for a human to see it twice in his or her lifetime. The last time it was here was in 1986, and it is projected to return in 2061.

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The term “cosmic rays” was coined by the Austrian physicist Victor Francis Hess in 1912. Hess was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1936 for his discovery of cosmic rays.

Cosmic rays are high-energy particles that travel through space and reach the Earth’s atmosphere. They are believed to be made up of protons, electrons, and atomic nuclei, and they can have energies that are millions or billions of times greater than those of particles produced by particle accelerators on Earth.

Hess discovered cosmic rays while conducting experiments in which he flew high-altitude balloon flights to measure the radiation levels at different altitudes. He found that the radiation levels increased with altitude, leading him to conclude that the radiation was coming from outer space and not from the Earth’s surface. He named these high-energy particles “cosmic rays” because they seemed to be coming from the cosmos.

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Heliopose is the theoretical boundary beyond which Solar Winds can not reach. The heliosphere is the vast, bubble-like region of space which surrounds and is created by the Sun.

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Afganistan is the country included in Ariana. Afganisthan is part of south Asia.

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1. Ordovician: The Ordovician period occurred from approximately 485 million to 443 million years ago. It was a time when marine life, especially diverse marine invertebrates, flourished.
2. Permian: The Permian period occurred from approximately 299 million to 251 million years ago. It was characterized by the dominance of reptiles and the formation of the supercontinent Pangaea.
3. Jurassic: The Jurassic period occurred from approximately 201 million to 145 million years ago. It was known for the dominance of dinosaurs, including iconic ones like the Brachiosaurus and Tyrannosaurus rex.
4. Paleogene: The Paleogene period, often divided into the Paleocene, Eocene, and Oligocene epochs, occurred from approximately 66 million to 23 million years ago. This period saw the diversification of mammals and the decline of dinosaurs.

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Although the core and mantle are about equal in thickness, the core actually forms only 15 percent of the Earth’s volume, while the mantle comprises 84 percent. The crust makes up the remaining 1 percent.

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Around the year 2000, Earth’s spin axis took an abrupt turn toward the east and is now drifting almost twice as fast as before, at a rate of almost 7 inches (17 centimetres) a year. Scientists have suggested that the loss of mass from Greenland and Antarctica’s rapidly melting ice sheet could be causing the eastward shift of the spin axis. All these cause changes in the movement of water and accumulation of mass on poles. Earth wobbling affects the results obtained from GPS, and other Earth-Observation satellites.

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Palk Strait is between Bay of Bengal and Gulf of Manner. It is bounded on the south by Pamban Island Adam’s Bridge, the Gulf of Mannar, and Mannar Island. The southwestern portion of the strait is also called Palk Bay.