World & Physical Geography MCQs

Notes:
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are called as the outer planets or Jovian planets or Gas Giant. Most of them are much larger than the terrestrial planets and have thick atmosphere, mostly of helium and hydrogen.

Notes:
Extrusive igneous rocks are formed by cooling of lava on the earth’s surface.  Extrusive igneous rocks are also called volcanic rocks.
Intrusive igneous rocks are formed when magma solidifies below the earth’s surface.
Deep seated intrusive rocks are termed as plutonic rocks.
Shallow depth intrusive rocks are termed as hypabyssal.

Notes:
Saturn has been known to us because it is easily visible to the naked eye. Galileo Galilei was the first to observe Saturn with a telescope in 1610.

Notes:
The solstice refers to the events when the Sun’s apparent position in sky reaches its northernmost or southernmost extremes. Solstice happens twice a year, and twice a year happen the equinoxes. Altogether, the four are considered to start 4 seasons.

• At the time of northern solstice, sun is perceived to be directly overhead the 23.44° north known as Tropic of Cancer.
• Likewise, at the southern solstice the same thing happens for latitude 23.44° south, known as the Tropic of Capricorn.

Notes:
The Kepler Mission is specifically designed to survey the Milky Way galaxy to discover hundreds of Earth-size and smaller planets. It is to find out habitable zone and determine the fraction of the hundreds of billions of stars in our galaxy that might have such planets.

Notes:
A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth’s shadow. This can occur only when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are exactly or very closely aligned (in syzygy), with Earth between the other two. A lunar eclipse can occur only on the night of a full moon.

Notes:
The Intertropical Convergence Zone, known by sailors as the doldrums or the calms, is the area encircling Earth near the Equator, where the northeast and southeast trade winds converge.

Notes:
The time taken by light to reach earth from any source of light is measured in light years. The light reflected from the surface of the Moon takes only a second to reach Earth. The Sun is more than 8 light-minutes away. The light from the nearest star which is named as Alpha Centauri takes 4.22 light years to reach us.

Notes:
The three main types of rock are sedimentary, metamorphic, and igneous. Every rock has characteristics that reflect its process of formation; these are used to determine whether the rock is igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic. For example, a rock with rounded grains cemented together is sedimentary, while one with a strong banding and orientation of minerals is metamorphic.

Notes:
Whitehaven Beach is not in the United States, instead it is in Australia. It stretches nearly 7 km along Whitsunday Island. It features Crystal white silica sands and turquoise colored waters.