World & Physical Geography MCQs

Notes:
Human Geography is the synthetic study of the relationship between human societies and the earth’s surface where as Physical geography deals with nature of physical phenomena such as climatology, soil and vegetation.
Physical geography deals with:
• Land forms
• Rocks
• Minerals
• Soils
• Climate
• Rivers
• Atmosphere etc.
Human Geography deals with
• Population
• Settlements
• Migration
• Transportation
• Social traditions etc.

Notes:
Four satellites of Jupiter Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto are popularly referred to as the Galilean moons. This is because these moons were discovered by astronomer Galileo Galilei in January 1610.

Notes:
New Moore Island was known as New Moore Island in India and South Talpatti Island in Bangladesh. It was an uninhabited island which emerged in the Bay of Bengal in the aftermath of the Bhola cyclone in 1970. It had been created by the delta currents. It was located south of the Haribhanga river. Now it has disappeared due to rising sea levels.

Notes:
The distance between two consecutive longitudes(91 degree E and 92 degree E) at the Poles is 0 km. The distance between two consecutive meridians of longitude is equal to 111 km only at equator. The distance between two consecutive parallels of latitude is equal to about 111 km.

Notes:
Igneous rock, or magmatic rock, is one of the three main rock types, the others being sedimentary and metamorphic. Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Sedimentary rocks are formed inside the earth under great pressure.

Notes:
Pebble transport by rivers, sand drift over desert surfaces, soil blowing over fields are examples of saltation. Saltation is a type of particle transport by fluids such as wind or water.

Notes:
Dome is the type of dune which is most rare. They are circular and do not have a slipface . The wind can blow material onto the dune from any side. Parabolic dunes are similar to crescentic dunes.

Notes:
Temperate Zones, because of the maximum seasonal variations the rings are more clear.

Notes:
The rank of earth in terms of mean radius is 5. Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus are top 3 countries with mean radius.

Notes:
Radiation from Sun comes to earth in the form of smaller waves and earth being cooler body, gives off energy in the form of long-wave. These are then radiated back to the atmosphere. This this Long-Wave Radiation from the earth’s surfaces heats the lower layers of the atmosphere. The Atmospheric conduction occurs at the interface of (zone of contact between) the atmosphere and the earth’s surface. However, it is actually a minor method of heat transfer in terms of warming the atmosphere since it affects only the layers of air closest to the earth’s surface. This is because air is a very poor conductor of heat. ‘ When the pockets of air near the surface are heated, they expand in volume, become less dense than the surrounding air, and therefore rise. This vertical transfer of heat through the atmosphere is called convection, and is the same type of process by which heated water circulates in a pan while heating. The currents set into motion by the heating of a fluid (liquid or gas) make up a convectional system. Most vertical transfer of heat within the atmosphere & Oceans occurs via Convection and is a major cause of clouds and precipitation.