Indian Economy MCQs

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The SDR basket now consists of the following five currencies: U.S. dollar 41.73%, Euro 30.93%, Renminbi (Chinese Yuan) 10.92%, Japanese Yen (8.33%), British Pound (8.09%).

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Money multiplier is expressed as a ratio between broad money (M3) and Reserve money (M0). It refers to how an initial deposit can lead to a bigger final increase in the total money supply.

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Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is estimated to account for around 40-45% of total global oil exports currently. In 2021, OPEC’s share of global oil exports was around 43%. As of 2022, it was around 40% of global oil exports.

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The Washington Consensus refers to a set of economic policy prescriptions for developing countries, primarily focused on market-oriented reforms. It was formulated in the late 1980s and emphasizes trade liberalization, deregulation, and privatization. While the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank are often associated with the Consensus due to their roles in providing financial assistance and policy advice, the World Trade Organization does not embody the trade liberalization aspect central to the Consensus. The US Treasury Department and the US Federal Bank are not a part of the Washington Consensus framework.

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Interest Rate Risk falls under Market Risk. Market risk encompasses the potential for financial loss due to fluctuations in market prices, including interest rates. Interest rate changes can affect the value of investments, particularly fixed-income securities. For example, when interest rates rise, the prices of existing bonds typically fall, leading to potential losses for investors. This risk is a critical consideration for financial institutions and investors alike.

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Narrow Money M1 = Currency with the public + Demand Deposits of public in Banks When a third component viz. Post office Savings Deposits is also added to M1, it becomes M2. M2 = M1 + Post Office Savings.
Broad Money M3 = Narrow money + Time Deposits of public with banks

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The green shoe option is a clause in the underwriting agreement of an IPO, which allows to sell additional shares, usually 15%, to the public if the demand exceeds expectations and the stock trades above its offering price. This option, also known as the over-allotment provision. It gets its name from the Green Shoe company, which was the first company to allow such an option.

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RBI manages the payment and settlement system in India.

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After the global financial crisis of 2007, the G-20 has created an institution called Financial Stability Board to design sophisticated regulation measures for banks to prevent future bank failure. Beside this, the central banks of each country identify Domestic Systemically Important Banks (D-SIBs). While the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) started to identify big banks which are named as Global Systemically Important Banks (G-SIBs). The criteria for selecting D-SIBs are similar to that of G-SIFIs. In India, the RBI has identified SBI and ICICI as D-SIBs. The Financial Stability Board (FSB), in consultation with Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) publishes the list of Global Systemically Important Banks (G-SIBs).

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The Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report is published by the World Economic Forum.