International Organizations, Defence, Books & Authors, World History

Notes:
The National Broadcasting Day (NBD) is celebrated every year on July 23 because on this day, in 1927, the radio broadcasting was started in India. The first ever radio broadcast in India went on air from the Bombay Station on July 23, 1927 under a private company, the Indian Broadcasting Company (IBC). It was by the British Viceroy of India Lord Irwin. On June 8, 1936, the Indian State Broadcasting Service became All India Radio (AIR).

Notes:
International Court of Justice (ICJ) also known as World court which is based at The Hague. It was established in 1945 by the charter of United Nations as a successor to the permanent court of International Justice. It is the primary judicial branch and principal legal body of United Nations and having transnational Jursidiction. The primary role of ICJ is to give advisory opinion based on international law and international conventions on Questions submitted to it by Countries settle legal disputes

Notes:
The North Atlantic Treaty (also known as the Washington Treaty) was signed by 12 countries on April 4, 1949 at the Departmental Auditorium in Washington, D.C.. The countries that signed the treaty were:  Belgium, Canada, Denmark, France, Iceland, Italy, Luxembourg, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, The United Kingdom, The United States.  The treaty established the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), a mutual defense treaty between the 12 nations. The purpose of NATO was to deter the Soviet Union from invading Western Europe. The treaty committed each member to share the risks, responsibilities, and benefits of collective defense.  NATO is now an alliance of 31 nations from Europe and North America. The main purpose of NATO is to safeguard the freedom and security of its members by political and military means.

Notes:
General Assembly is the principal deliberative and policymaking organ of the United Nations. It is composed of representatives from all member states, and each member state has one vote. The General Assembly discusses and makes decisions on a wide range of international issues, including peace and security, development, human rights, and international law. It serves as a forum for member states to express their views, negotiate agreements, and work together to address global challenges. While other UN organs, such as the Security Council and the Secretariat, have specific roles, the General Assembly is the central body where all member states come together to discuss and shape the policies and priorities of the United Nations.

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The Indian government has designated the Third Week of December every year to observe India Corporate Week. This initiative aims to promote corporate governance, encourage entrepreneurship, and highlight the contributions of the corporate sector to the economy. The week serves as a platform for discussions on business practices and policies, fostering a better understanding of corporate responsibilities.

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The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military strike by by Japan on the US naval base at Pearl Harbor in Honolulu on December 7, 1941. Till that date, United States was neutral but entered into Second World War after this.

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The Special Service Bureau (now Sashastra Seema Bal) was conceived in November 1962 and eventually created in March 1963 with the sole objective of achieving ‘Total security preparedness’ in the remote border areas for performing a ‘stay-behind’ role in the event of a war. SSB was started in North Assam, North Bengal, hill districts of Uttar Pradesh (now Uttarakhand), Himachal Pradesh, part of Punjab and Ladakh area of J&K.

Notes:
National Voters Day in India is celebrated on January 25th. This day is celebrated to promote participation of the citizens in the political process. It was first celebrated in the year 2011 to mark the commission’s foundation day. Prioritizing the participation of the youth in the electoral process is the main focus of this celebration as the Indian Election Commission was established on this day in 1950.

Notes:
The famous Sufi poet, Amir Khusrau wrote a masnavi on the Tughlaq dynasty ruler, Mubarak Shah as “Nuh Sipihr” (Nine Skies), relating the events of Mubarak Shah’s rule. Excerpts of the works done by him are Tughluq Nama, Wast-ul-Hayat, Ashiqa, Khamsa, Baqia-Naqia, etc. He was the court poet of Alauddin Khilji and a spiritual disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya, Delhi.