International Organizations, Defence, Books & Authors, World History

Notes:
The WTO is an inter-governmental organization for governments to negotiate global trade agreements and progressively liberalizing trade. Currently, WTO has 164 members. The WTO operates a system of trade rules that apply to all its members.
It is located in Geneva, Switzerland. It was established on 1 January 1995 and its official languages are English, French and Spanish.

Notes:
The Battle of Waterloo took place in Belgium on June 18, 1815. At the time, Waterloo was part of the United Kingdom of the Netherlands. The battle was fought between the French army led by Napoleon Bonaparte and two armies of the Seventh Coalition. The Seventh Coalition included the United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Prussia, Hanover, Brunswick, and Nassau. The British-led allied army was commanded by the Duke of Wellington, and the Prussian army was commanded by Field Marshal Blucher. The Battle of Waterloo marked the final defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte, who had conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century. It also ended the wars that had been raging in Europe since the French Revolution (1789-99).

Notes:
The Universal Health Coverage Day (UHCD) is observed annually on December 12 to promote the human right to health. The day is the anniversary of the first unanimous United Nations resolution calling for all nations to provide for their citizens affordable, quality health care and is promoted by the World Health Organization (WHO).

Notes:
The Maastricht Treaty is responsible for the establishment of the European Union in 1993, and it introduced the concept of European citizenship.

Notes:
The Battle of Trafalgar was a naval battle fought on October 21, 1805 during the Napoleonic Wars. It was fought between a British fleet under the command of Vice Admiral Horatio Nelson and a combined French and Spanish fleet off the coast of Spain, near the Cape of Trafalgar. The British fleet emerged victorious, despite being outnumbered by the combined French and Spanish forces. The battle was a significant victory for the British, as it effectively ended the threat of a French invasion of Britain and cemented British naval dominance for the remainder of the Napoleonic Wars. The battle was also notable for the death of Nelson, who was killed during the fighting.

Notes:
The Brasilia Declaration is related to the IBSA (India, Brazil, South Africa) Dialogue Forum. Established in 2003, IBSA aims to promote South-South cooperation and enhance collaboration among these three emerging economies. The Brasilia Declaration, signed in 2006, emphasizes political dialogue, economic cooperation, and cultural exchange among member countries. IBSA is notable for its focus on issues like poverty alleviation, sustainable development, and reforming global governance structures.

Notes:
[A] Border Security Force (BSF): Established on December 1, 1965.
[B] Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF): Established on July 27, 1939.
[C] Assam Rifles: Formed in 1835 as the Cachar Levy, it was later renamed as the Assam Rifles in 1917.
[D] National Security Guards (NSG): Established in 1984.
So, the Assam Rifles is the oldest among these organizations, with its origins dating back to the 19th century.

Notes:
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk also known as Mustafa Kemal Pasha (died 1938) was a Turkish leader and founder of Republic of Turkey. He is known for numerous progressive reforms that modernized Turkey into a secular, industrializing nation.

Notes:
Agent Orange was a herbicide and defoliant contaminated with 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzodioxin (TCDD). It was used by the U.S. military in Vietnam War. The use resulted in death of 4 lakh Vietnamese. The contaminant without dioxins were Agents Blue and White.

Notes:
The correct statement is that the French Revolution awakened republican goals among the French commoners. The revolution, which began in 1789, aimed to dismantle the monarchy and establish a republic, importantly influencing the political landscape. While it did lead to temporary republican governments, it did not establish a permanent republic until the Third Republic in 1870. Women did not gain the right to vote until 1944 in France, and the revolution lasted more than 5 years, officially ending in 1799 with the rise of Napoleon Bonaparte.