International Organizations, Defence, Books & Authors, World History

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The Divine Comedy is an epic poem written by Dante Alighieri between c. 1308 and his death in 1321. It is widely considered the preeminent work of Italian literature, and is seen as one of the greatest works of world literature. The poem’s imaginative and allegorical vision of the afterlife is a culmination of the medieval world-view as it had developed in the Western Church. It helped establish the Tuscan dialect, in which it is written, as the standardized Italian language.

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National Consumer Rights Day is observed annually on December 24th in India. The day commemorates the day in 1986 when the Consumer Protection Act was signed into law by the president. The day is an opportunity to promote the basic rights of all consumers.
The Consumer Protection Act of 2019 guarantees six basic rights to consumers in India. The theme for World Consumer Rights Day in 2023 is “Empowering consumers through clean energy transitions”.

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The first G-20 summit was held in Washington D.C., United States, in response to the global financial crisis. The summit brought together leaders from 20 major economies to discuss solutions to the crisis and ways to reform the international financial system. The city was chosen as the host because it is the home of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, two key institutions involved in addressing the global financial crisis.

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In the United States, Patriot Day occurs on September 11 of each year, designated in memory of September 11, 2001, attacks.

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Nuclear Suppliers Group was formed by  seven countries viz. Canada, West Germany, France, Japan, the USSR, the United Kingdom, and the United States in response to the ‘Smiling Buddha’ (Pokharan-I) of India in 1974. It was clear from this adventure of India that certain non-weapons specific nuclear technology could be readily turned to weapons development, since it was alleged that India used the Canada sourced material to make bomb. The objective of the NSG was to reduce nuclear proliferation by controlling the export and re-transfer of materials that may be applicable to nuclear weapon development and by improving safeguards and protection on existing materials.

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International Bill of Human Rights consists of Universal Declaration of Human Rights (adopted in 1948),
the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966) with its two Optional Protocols and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966).
The two covenants entered into force in 1976, after a sufficient number of countries had ratified them.

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ECB is the central bank of Eurozone which was established by the Treaty of Amsterdam in 1998. Its headquarters is in Frankfurt. Frankfurt is a city n Germany.

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The g4 countries are India, Brazil, Germany, Japan. They together are fighting for a permanent seat in the UN security council.

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India and Kazakhstan tried to strengthen their relations by organizing a 14 day joint military exercise PRABAL DOSTYK–16. Prabal Dostyk means ‘Robust Friendship’. The primary aim of the fourteen day exercise is to enhance interoperability while undertaking Counter Terrorism & Counter Insurgency Operations in rural & semi-urban environment under the umbrella of United Nations. 

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The headquarters of International Professional Cycling Federation are at Luxembourg. It was created in 1965 after the split of UCI.