International Organizations, Defence, Books & Authors, World History

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Japan was the first country in Asia to industrialize on a large scale. Industrialization began in Japan after the fall of the Tokugawa government in 1868. Japan industrialized faster than many European countries.
Japan’s industrialization was prompted by the need to improve the nation’s defenses against foreign threats. Local clans developed industrialization by copying Western examples and using traditional craft skills. Japan’s production included steel, machinery, metal goods, and chemicals, which were produced in quantities large enough for export.
Other Asian countries that have industrialized include: South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Kong.

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Knesset is the unicameral national legislature of Israel. As the legislative branch of the Israeli government, the Knesset passes all laws, elects the President and Prime Minister, approves the cabinet, and supervises the work of the government. In addition, the Knesset elects the State Comptroller. It also has the power to waive the immunity of its members, remove the President and the State Comptroller from office, dissolve the government in a constructive vote of no confidence, and to dissolve itself and call new elections. The Prime Minister may dissolve the Knesset. The Knesset is located in Givat Ram, Jerusalem.

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World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) was established in Lausanne (Switzerland) in November 1999, shifted to Montreal in 2001

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Apartheid was a system of racial segregation that existed in South Africa and South West Africa (now Namibia) from 1948 to the early 1990s. The National Party governed South Africa from 1948 until 1994. During this time, South Africa was a partial democracy because non-white people were barred from voting after 1958.
The Anti-Apartheid Movement (AAM) was a British organization that opposed the South African apartheid system. The AAM supported South Africa’s non-white population who were persecuted by the policies of apartheid.
Nelson Mandela was sworn in as President of South Africa in 1994. He was known for his internal resistance to apartheid.

Notes:
Beyond-Visual-Range Air-to-Air Missile (BVRAAM) among the options you’ve provided is “C) Astra.” Here’s some more detailed information:

• Agni: Agni is not an air-to-air missile; it’s a family of long-range ballistic missiles developed by India for delivering nuclear warheads. It is not designed for aerial combat.
• Prithvi: Prithvi is also not an air-to-air missile. It’s a short-range ballistic missile system designed for attacking ground targets.
• Astra: Astra is indeed a Beyond-Visual-Range Air-to-Air Missile (BVRAAM). It is developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) of India. Astra is designed to engage and destroy enemy aircraft at distances beyond visual range. It is a crucial component of India’s air defense capabilities.
• Nag: Nag is not an air-to-air missile either. It’s an anti-tank guided missile (ATGM) developed by India for use against armored vehicles and tanks.

In summary, (C) Astra” is the correct choice as the Beyond-Visual-Range Air-to-Air Missile among the options provided.

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Headquarters of United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific is headquartered at Bangkok,Thailand. It is formed on 28 March, 1947.

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The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures (SPS Agreement) is related to the World Trade Organization (WTO). It was established in 1995 to ensure that countries do not use food safety and animal/plant health regulations as unjustified trade barriers. The SPS Agreement allows countries to set their own standards but requires them to base these on scientific principles and international standards where applicable. This agreement is crucial for facilitating safe international trade while protecting human, animal, and plant life.

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India, Japan, Germany and Brazil are the G4 countries. They are presenting a united front for the permanent seat in the UNSC.

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Saint Surdas, revered for his intense devotion to Lord Krishna, is the author of Sahitya Ratna. Blind from birth, he belonged to the Saguna School of the Bhakti Kal. Apart from Sahitya Ratna, Surdas has also composed Sur Sagar (Ocean of Melody), and Sur Saravali. His works, primarily centered around his spiritual affection for Lord Krishna, are celebrated for their melodious and devotional undertone.

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The book “Taj-ul-masir” was penned by Sadruddin Mohammad Hassan Nizami, popularly known as Hasan Nizami. The book, written in the Turki language, notably deals with political events in North India from approximately 1192 AD to 1228 AD. It offers a thorough examination of the reign of Sultan Qutub-ud-din Aibak, the founder of the Slave dynasty, and the early rule of Iltumish, Sultan Qutub-ud-din Aibak’s son-in-law.