International Organizations, Defence, Books & Authors, World History

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Japan was the first country in Asia to industrialize on a large scale. Industrialization began in Japan after the fall of the Tokugawa government in 1868. Japan industrialized faster than many European countries.
Japan’s industrialization was prompted by the need to improve the nation’s defenses against foreign threats. Local clans developed industrialization by copying Western examples and using traditional craft skills. Japan’s production included steel, machinery, metal goods, and chemicals, which were produced in quantities large enough for export.
Other Asian countries that have industrialized include: South Korea, Singapore, Taiwan, Hong Kong.

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Kalidasa was one of the gems of the court of Gupta king Chandragupta II (375–415 CE). The poems he wrote were usually of epic proportions and were written in classical Sanskrit. He wrote two epic poems called Kumara sambhava, which means birth of Kumara and the Raghuvamsha, which means dynasty of Raghu. There are also two lyric poems written by Kalidasa known as Meghadutta that stands for cloud messenger and the Ritusamhara that means description of the seasons. Meghadutta is one of the finest works of Kalidasa in terms of world literature. The beauty of the continuity in flawless Sanskrit is unmatched till date. The most famous and beautiful work of Kalidasa is the Shakuntalam. It is the second play of Kalidasa after he wrote Malavikagnimitra. The Shakuntalam tells the story of king Dushyant who falls in love with a beautiful girl Shakuntala, who happens to be the daughter of a saint.

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Bikini Day is observed in Japan in memory of the victims of the hydrogen bomb explosion on March 1, 1954. It is so named because radioactive ashes from the US explosion fell on fishing vessels in the vicinity of Bikini Atoll, where the explosion took place.

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Official Language of UN include Arabic, English, French, Chinese, Spanish and Russian.

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The Human Rights Day (HRD) is observed every year on December 10 to commemorate the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. The declaration was adopted and proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations in 1948 as the shared standard benchmark to protect human rights across the world.

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Peninsula Shield Force is the military side of the Gulf Cooperation Council or GCC, which intends to deter, and respond to, military aggression against any of the GCC member countries: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

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The First Industrial Revolution was started in Europe and the United States. It was started in the 18th century and ended in Middle of 19th Century.

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Secretariat of SAARC Development Fund is located in Thimpu which is capital of Bhutan. The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation(SAARC) is the regional intergovernmental organization and geopolitical union of states in South Asia. Its member states are Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.

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International Bill of Human Rights consists of Universal Declaration of Human Rights (adopted in 1948),
the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966) with its two Optional Protocols and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (1966).
The two covenants entered into force in 1976, after a sufficient number of countries had ratified them.

Notes:
The book “Equilibrium Unemployment Theory” is authored by Christopher A. Pissarides. It is a comprehensive work that focuses on unemployment dynamics, job creation, and job destruction. The author introduces the theory of equilibrium unemployment – a framework which has been highly influential in the economics field. Additionally, Pissarides’s work in the search and matching theory of frictional unemployment, along with his contribution to the book has earned him a share of the 2010 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences.