International Organizations, Defence, Books & Authors, World History

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The book “Veerappan: Chasing the Brigand” has been authored by K. Vijay Kumar, the Senior Security Adviser in the Ministry of Home Affairs. The book is a source of valuable inspiration offering insight into the tactics that went into the wiping out of the dreaded forest brigand on whom a prize money of Rs. 5 crores had been declared more than a decade back.

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Peninsula Shield Force is the military side of the Gulf Cooperation Council or GCC, which intends to deter, and respond to, military aggression against any of the GCC member countries: Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, and the United Arab Emirates.

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The first G-20 summit was held in Washington D.C., United States, in response to the global financial crisis. The summit brought together leaders from 20 major economies to discuss solutions to the crisis and ways to reform the international financial system. The city was chosen as the host because it is the home of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank, two key institutions involved in addressing the global financial crisis.

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The United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) is headquartered in Vienna, Austria. UNIDO was established in 1966 by the UN General Assembly to help developing countries industrialize. UNIDO’s mission is to promote industrial development for poverty reduction, environmental sustainability, and inclusive globalization.
UNIDO has offices in Brussels, Geneva, and New York to maintain contact with member states and other UN organizations. UNIDO also has a network of 48 regional and country offices.

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Mercosur is a sub-regional bloc of South American countries. Its purpose is to promote free trade and the fluid movement of goods, people, and currency. It was established in 1991 and its headquarters are located at Montevideo (Uruguay). It calls itself the common market of the South America At present, it is a full customs union and a trading bloc. Its full members are Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay

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11 November every year is observed as National Education Day in India

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J.R.D. Tata was the first Indian to be honored as a Group Captain in the Indian Air Force. He was a pioneering aviator and industrialist, known for founding Tata Airlines, which later became Air India. Tata was also instrumental in the development of civil aviation in India and was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India’s highest civilian award, in 1992. His contributions to aviation and industry have made him a important figure in Indian history.

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The World Investment Forum is a biennial event organized by the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). It brings together government officials, business leaders, investors, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders to discuss the latest trends, challenges, and opportunities in international investment. The Forum is designed to facilitate dialogue and cooperation on issues related to investment and development, and to promote inclusive and sustainable growth. The first World Investment Forum was held in 2008, and it has been held every two years since then.

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AFSPA became a law on September 11, 1958. Initially, it was applicable to the seven Northeastern states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura. This was so because in all these states there were movements of ethnic groups demanding separation from India. The government felt that such insurgencies could be checked through deployment of the armed forces, and they would need special powers to carry out their responsibilities. AFSPA was extended to J&K in 1990, on similar considerations.

Notes:
The famous Sufi poet, Amir khusro wrote a famous masnavi on the love story of Laila and Majnu, “Laila Majnu”. Excerpts of the works done by him are Tughluq Nama, Wast-ul-Hayat, Nuh Sipihr, Ashiqa, Khamsa, Baqia-Naqia, etc. He was the court poet of Alauddin Khilji and a spiritual disciple of Nizamuddin Auliya, Delhi.