Medieval Indian History MCQs

Notes:
Bargir was the Royal cavalry of the Maratha army system. There were two kinds of cavalry viz. Bargirs and the Shiledars. Bargirs were provided horses from the state and thus, the horses were property of the royal household and were looked after by state o

Notes:
Ashta Pradhan Pantpradhan or Peshwa – Prime Minister, general administration of the Empire. Amatya – Finance Minister, managing accounts of the Empire. Sacheev – Secretary, preparing royal edicts. Mantri – Interior Minister, managing internal affairs especially intelligence and espionage. Senapati – Commander-in-Chief, managing the forces and defense of the Empire. Sumant – Foreign Minister, to manage relationships with other sovereigns. Nyayadhish – Chief Justice, dispensing justice on civil and criminal matters. Panditrao – High Priest, managing internal religious matters.

Notes:
Alauddin Khilji was a militarist and imperialist to the core. He was very ambitious. Alauddin, whose original name was Ali Gurshap, assumed the title Sikandar-i-Sani (Alexander the Second) and proclaimed Delhi as Dar-ul-Khilafa (Seat of the Caliphate).

Notes:
Akbar had a committee of scholars with cross lingual expertise. Some of them were Naqeeb Khan, Mulla Abdul Qadir Badayuni, Mulla Sheri and Sultan Haji Thanesari.

• In that era Mahabharat was translated into Persian and was renamed as Razm Namah (Saga of the Battlefield).
• Ramayana was translated by Mulla Abdul Qadir Badayuni. Badayuni also took up the task of Singhasan Batisi into Persian , which was later titled Khurd Afza in Persian.
• Atharva Veda was translated by Haji Ibrahim Sirhindi. Rajataringini by Kalhana was translated by Maulana Shah Mohammad Shahabadi. Panchtantra were rendered into Persian by Mulla Hussain Waiz and it was called Anwar-i-Suhaili.
• Panchatantra was also translated in Persian by Maulana Husain Faizi and its translated name was Yar-i-Danish. 
• Abul Fazal, Vazeer of Akbar and author of Akbarnama had translated Panchatantra in persian as Anvar-i-Saadat.

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Tabaqat-i Nasiri (named after Sultan Nasir-ud-Din) is a mega history of Islamic world writen in Persian by Minhaj-i-Siraj. It gives details of early Islamic empires in 23 volumes.

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Fatawa-i-Alamgiri is a sharia based compilation on statecraft, general ethics, military strategy, economic policy, justice and punishment. It was done at the behest of Aurangzeb.

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Khusrau khan ( or Sultan Nasiruddin Khusrau Shah) was the last ruler of Khilji Dynasty. He ruled Delhi for a period of 4 months, before been killed by Ghaji Malik in 1320 AD.

Notes:
In context of military administration of Marathas, the cavalry was divided into Bargis and Silahdars. Bargis (troops) equipped and maintained by the state. On the other hand, Silahdars had to brought their own horses and equipments and took a stipulated amount from the state for meeting the expenses of services in the field.

Notes:
To accumulate the vast amount of wealth that existed in India and to spread Islam, Mahmud of Ghazni attacked and plundered India 17 times. The first invasion of India by Sultan Mahmud Ghazni was took place against Hindu shahi ruler Raja Jaipala at Peshawar in 1001 AD.

Notes:
In 1320 AD, Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq ascended the throne of Delhi by killing Sultan Nasiruddin Khusro Shah (Khusrau Khan), the last ruler of the Khilji dynasty.