Medieval Indian History MCQs

Notes:
At the time of Arab Invasions, Sindh was under Raja Dahir who reigned till 712 AD from his capital Brahamanabad. He was the last Hindu Ruler of Sindh and parts of Modern Punjab (Pakistan). The Arab conquest of Sindh is mentioned in the oldest Chronicle of Sindh called Chachnama.

Notes:
Akbar declared or issued Mahzarnama to take all the religious matters into his own hands. This made him supreme in the religious matters. He issued Mahzarnama to curb the dominance of Ulema. It was written by Faizi in 1579.

Notes:
Abu Rayhan Biruni or Alberonius (Latin) was a Persian Scholar and polymath of the 11th century. He accompanied Mahmud of Ghazni in his conquests to South Asia.
Al Beruni was the First Muslim Scholar to study India and its ancient traditions. He is called father of Indology and the first anthropologist. He is called one of the earliest and greatest polymath of the Islamic World.

Notes:
Jahangir, son of Akbar, ascended the Mughal throne in 1605 AD and adopted the title of Nur-ud-din Jahangir Padshah Ghazi. “Padshah Ghazi” is an honorific title implying “Defender of the Faith” and was traditionally used by Muslim sovereigns. Reigning from Agra, Jahangir was known for his justice, administrative reforms, and patronage of the arts.

Notes:
In 1669-70, the Jats of Mathura region rose under the leadership of a local Zamindar Gokul. Religion was main factor behind this revolt because Abdul Nabi, local officer of imperial Mughal government, had destroyed the temples of Hindus and disrespected their women.
We note here that Jat uprising occurred at a time Mughal government was by no means weak or imbecile. The Mughal army pursued the Jats and the leader Gokul was captured and executed. However, the rebel did not subdue completely. Taking advantage of the civil war amongst the sons of Shahjahan, the Jats again rose in arms and this rebellion finally culminated in establishment of sovereign Jat Kingdom under Raja Surajmal with Bharatpur its capital

Notes:
Malik Muhammad Jayasi completed his work Padmavat during Sher Shah’s reign.

Notes:
Tara was a silver coin and Kakini was copper coin

Notes:
Mughal emperor Akbar is against sati. He had allowed Sati to take place only if the wife willingly wanted to follow it. But many times woman were forced to commit Sati or pushed into funeral pyre by her own relatives and this was against the law. Akbar banned “forced” Sati after the incident with his wife’s cousin Rani Damayenti.

Notes:
Dustak means free Pass or Duty Free Trade. Mughal Emperor Farrukhsiyar granted a forman to the East India Company, which is regarded as Magna Carta in the year 1717. As per the Farman the import and export duty of the company was exempted from the customs duty. Issuing of Dastak was permitted for transportation of goods.

Notes:
Silhara dynasty ruled the region around present-day Mumbai between 9th and 13th century. They were vassals of Rastrakutas. Kapardin is considered to be the founder of this dynasty and the princes of this dynasty held the title Tagara-puradhishvara. Tagara was an ancient place near Osmanabad.