Medieval Indian History MCQs

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The Qazi-ul-Quzat was the chief qazi or chief judicial officer of the Mughal Empire. The emperor remained the highest authority in justice.

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Harihara I of the Vijayanagara Kingdom earned the title Purvapaschima Samudradhishavara (“master of the eastern and western seas”). He founded the empire in 1336 CE with his brother Bukka Raya I and gained control over most territory south of the Tungabhadra River, from the Arabian Sea to the Bay of Bengal.

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Sher Shah Suri developed Patna as an important administrative and commercial centre. The name Azimabad was applied much later, in the early eighteenth century.

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Pathan Sultan Sher Shah Suri (1540 – 1545) measured and classified the land in terms of the produce and introduced Kabuliyat and Patta as instruments of settlement. During Akbar’s time, Todarmal made some reforms to that system and the whole empire was divided into Suba, Sarkar, Pargana and Mahal.

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Tuzuk -i-Baburi ( or Baburnama) was the autobiography of Babur, the founder of Mughal empire in India. It was written in Turki, in which he gave an excellent account of India and his empire. The autobiography of Babur was translated in Persian by Abdur Rahim Mirza.

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On February 14, 1556, Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar was coronated at Kalanour (now in Gurdaspur, Punjab). Akbar, known for his great administrative reforms, is credited with establishing the Mughal empire’s cultural and economic prosperity. His court was adorned by the famous “Navaratnas” or “Nine Jewels,” which included outstanding personalities like Tansen, a legendary musician, and Birbal, renowned for his wit. His rule marked the flowering of art and cultural syntheses between Hindu and Muslim traditions.

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During the reign of Mughal emperor Jahangir, Rana Amar Singh (the son of Maharana Pratap of Mewar) conditionally accepted Mughals as rulers in 1615 AD. Before this peace treaty, like his father, he fought 17 wars with the Mughlas but due to depletion in financial and manpower he accepted them as rulers.

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Itmad-ud-Daula was the mausoleum of Nur Jahan’s father Mirza Ghias Beg who died in 1622 AD. His daughter Nur Jahan (wife of Mughal emperor Jahangir) commissioned the construction of tomb in Agra known by Itmad-ud-Daula (pillar of the state) i.e. as an architectural predecessor of the Taj Mahal.

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The third ruler of Slave dynasty, Shams-ud-din Iltutmish formed Turkan-i-Chahalgani or Chalisa (a group of 40 powerful Turkish nobles). These were Turkish amirs (nobles) who advised and helped the Sultan in administering the Sultanate.

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Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq founded the Tughlaq dynasty in 1320 and ruled until 1325. He died when a pavilion collapsed near Delhi after his return from Bengal.