What is Geet Gawai?

March 12, 2025

The recent visit of Prime Minister Narendra Modi to Mauritius brought into light the enduring cultural ties between India and the island nation. The Prime Minister was welcomed with a traditional Bhojpuri performance known as Geet Gawai. This event puts stress on the rich heritage that the Indian diaspora has maintained in Mauritius. Geet Gawai is not just a performance but a vital expression of identity for many Mauritians of Indian descent.

What is Geet Gawai?

Geet Gawai is a traditional Bhojpuri musical ensemble.
It is performed mainly by women and is integral to various life events, particularly weddings.
The performance begins with invocations to deities and involves singing uplifting songs.
This tradition has been recognised by UNESCO as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity since December 2016.

Historical Context

The roots of Geet Gawai in Mauritius trace back to the arrival of Indian indentured labourers. From 1834 to the early 1900s, around five lakh Indians were brought to Mauritius. Many were from the Bhojpuri-speaking regions of India. Their cultural practices, including Geet Gawai, have been preserved and celebrated over generations.

Cultural Practices and Rituals

Geet Gawai is performed during pre-wedding ceremonies. Female family members gather to sort items like turmeric and rice while singing devotional songs. The practice encourages community bonding and reinforces cultural identity among the Bhojpuri-speaking population. It is a collective expression that has been passed down through generations.

Bhojpuri Language in Mauritius

Bhojpuri is one of the dominant languages in Mauritius. According to the 2011 Census, approximately 5.3% of the population speaks Bhojpuri. The language is often used in political campaigns and cultural expressions. Efforts to promote Bhojpuri have been institutionalised through educational policies, including its introduction in primary schools.

Mauritius – A Mini India

Mauritius is often referred to as “Mini India” due to its population of Indian origin. The cultural influence of Indian traditions is evident in the daily lives of Mauritians. Many people wear traditional Indian attire and participate in cultural festivities that reflect their heritage.

Government Initiatives for Bhojpuri Promotion

The Government of Mauritius has taken several initiatives to promote Bhojpuri. The Bhojpuri-Speaking Union Act was established to support the language’s use and cultural activities. Additionally, the Bhojpuri Mahotsav was launched to celebrate and preserve Bhojpuri culture, although it faced delays due to the pandemic.

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