What are some of the key features of the Vande Bharat 2.0 train? How would it improve India’s railways?

  The Integral Coach Factory (ICF) at Perambur, Chennai, planned and produced the Train18, subsequently known as the Vande Bharat Express, over the course of 18 months as part of the Indian government’s Make in India programme. This train’s second ..

What is a superconductor material? What are the benefits of superconductors?

A�superconductor�is a material that can conduct electricity or transport electrons from one atom to another with no resistance. It was discovered by Dutch physicist�Heike Kamerlingh Onnes�on April�8, 1911. Features of a superconductor: No heat, sound or any other form of ..

Critically examine various constraints in use of rooftop PVs in India in the light of recently scaled up targets of Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission.

Rooftop Solar PV depend on sunlight, therefore, seasonal variation is a major constraint in it. Solar plate cells are made of silicon wafers and have high reflectance thus; reducing its efficiency.  Large patches of land are needed for spreading PV ..

Extraction of mineral resources from celestial bodies is a contentious issue at the international level. Discuss.

Currently, there is an absence of strong international law on outer space explorations. There are two international level agreements viz. Outer Space Treaty (1967) and Moon Agreement (1979). The Outer Space Treaty emphasises that no country can claim exclusive sovereignty ..

What is Artificial Intelligence (AI)? Discuss its various applications and scope for development in India.

It is a branch of computer science which deals with creating computers or machines as intelligent as human beings. The term was coined in 1956 by�John McCarthy. Applications: Health sector: Faster, cheaper and more accurate diagnosis and thus improving patient ..

What is Deep Tech? Examine case for an “India Strategic Fund”.

The government of India has been focusing on self-reliance in the field of military technology, semiconductors and science-based businesses. Deep Tech: Deep tech refers to those organisations which are involved in the field of technology solutions, engineering innovation, scientific advances, ..

What do you understand with Spectrum Trading? Discuss in the light of recently released Spectrum Trading Guidelines 2015.

Hint: Spectrum trading refers to transfer of rights to use the spectrum (frequency management). Spectrum Trading Guidelines 2015 features: Ownership rights remain with government and government will give ‘right of use’ to operators through auctions Telecom operators can trade among ..

How IRNSS is different from other satellite navigation systems around the world? Objectively discuss.

There are several differences between India’s IRNSS and other similar systems. Firstly, IRNSS is a regional navigation system unlike the global GPS, GLONASS, Galileo and the Compass. Secondly, IRNSS is expected to provide better signal even for the civilian usages. ..

In the context of increasing application of quantum technology across the fields, including the military, examine the vulnerabilities and need for quantum resilient cyberspace. Also highlight the challenges and suggest measures to make India’s cyberspace quantum-resilient.

In the past few years, the global quantum industry has seen massive investments in R&D. Recently the Indian Army has taken initiative to build secure communications and cryptography applications using quantum technology with the help of industry and academia. Quantum ..

While elucidating India's policy on Outer space mining, examine the implications of recently signed US Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act.

India does not have a domestic law or policy on activities related to outer space. But India is a signatory to both Outer Space Treaty and the Moon Agreement. Several satellites have been launched by India. India is also active ..