For making Public Finance Management effective, India needs to reengineer its present system and make a transition towards outcome-based budgeting. Analyze.

The outcome-based budgeting system focuses on the qualitative outcomes of the budgetary expenditures. Need for present system to be re-engineered: Bottom up approach leading to high transaction costs. Outlays based budgeting lacks proper outcomes in terms of substantial gains on ..

A fiscal stimulus is seen as an efficient tool for reviving economies from slowdowns; however it alone cannot handle cyclical and structural issues. Discuss in context of India.

The fiscal stimulus (based on Keynesian economics) has been the norm throughout the world to pull countries out of cyclical slowdown. Fiscal stimulus comprises: Tax cuts Fiscal benefits Easy loans Incentives to consume Support to demand Incentive to invest Role ..

The digital financial inclusion in India has seen an exponential growth in past few years. Identify the factors responsible for it and steps taken by the government in this regard. Also, discuss the challenges that remain.

India has seen a revolution in the form of digitalization of financial transactions with such a sharp increase in this sector, being equal to what was envisaged to happen in decades. Factors facilitating digital financial inclusion: Penetration of mobile phones ..

Critically discuss the key proposals of Draft National Civil Aviation Policy 2015.

Draft National Civil Aviation Policy 2015 proposals are: To replace 5/20 rule with DFC (Domestic Flying Credits) system No scraping of route dispersal guidelines Open Sky Agreement with SAARC and other countries outside 5,000 km from New Delhi Boost to ..

What do you understand by tax avoidance, tax evasion and tax planning? Objectively discuss various methods involved in the same.

Model Answer: Tax Avoidance means an attempt to reduce tax liability through legal means, i.e. to regulate one’s financial affairs in such a way that one pays the minimum tax imposed by the law. Tax Evasion is an illegal practice ..

Discuss the salient features of the Sagarmala Project.

Sagarmala project is an initiative of government of India, which aims at port led infrastructure development in all the coastal areas of India to boost the maritime industry and economy. Its features are: Establishment of rail / road linkages with ..

"Construction of Dedicated Freight Corridors will lead to multiplier effects for economy."Amplify.

The Eastern and Western Dedicated Freight Corridors (DFC) are a mega rail transport project with Eastern DFC of 1839Km length and Western DFC with 1499Km length. It will help in: Increasing the average speed of goods trains in India from ..

In current scenario of increasing scarcity of water resources, the micro-irrigation can be a game changer for agriculture in India by making it more efficient, productive and sustainable. Analyse. Also enumerate various steps taken by the government to promote micro irrigation in India.

Micro-irrigation system is a modern method of irrigation by using drippers, sprinklers, foggers, etc. Micro irrigation refers to delivering water directly at the roots of the plants to minimize wastage and surface run-off. Benefits of micro irrigation: Prevents wastage of ..

The government has renewed its focus on strategic disinvestment in recent times. In this light, examine the rationale behind it and discuss the concerns raised against it.

Strategic disinvestment means that the government is divesting its majority stake from a public sector enterprise (PSE) and transferring its management & ownership to a private entity. Rationale behind strategic disinvestment: Enhances efficiency of the PSUs. Pull out the public ..

Investment in social infrastructure is imperative for an inclusive and sustainable growth in India. Discuss.

Social infrastructure (e.g. health, education, etc) is the key to India’s development as a welfare state in line with constitutional commitments under the directive principles. Role of social infrastructure in inclusive and sustainable growth: Focus on education and health – ..