While keeping in focus the 2014 amendment of Clause 49 of the listing agreement by SEBI, critically examine the trend of political appointments as independent directors in PSUs in India.

In India, members of a political party being appointed as an independent director of a company is a routine affair. Recently, names of 10 politicians have been cleared for appointing to positions as independent directors of various PSUs. In 2014, ..

"Via the strategy of Public Interest Litigations (PILs), the Supreme Court has been able to remove all constitutional restraints on its powers. The relief to weaker segments of the society is only the by-product of this strategy." To what extent do you agree with this view? Give reasoned opinion.

Over the years, the social action dimension of PIL has been eclipsed by another type of “public cause litigation”. It is a litigation in which court intervenes for correcting the actions or omissions of the executive or departments of government ..

Elucidate the scope of Article 32 in context with the Public Interests Litigations (PILs) in India.

Article 32 makes provsion for filing a Public Interest Litigation (PIL) wide Supreme Court orders. PIL is a potent tool for the protection of the public interest. There are also situations in which the victim is not in possession of ..

"There exists a dichotomy between the need for transparency and accountability and protecting honest civil servants from undue harassment." Discuss what can be done towards solving this dichotomy.

Currently, the RTI Act, media, judicial activism etc. are proving helpful in bringing about greater transparency and accountability in the functioning of the government. But at the same time, it is also observed that these mechanisms are misused. Further, the ..

The 360-degree appraisal system introduced to replace the ACR/APAR seems to have created widespread resentment among Government servants. Discuss its working and major issues in the light of parliamentary standing committee report.

One of the major criticisms of the (Annual confidential report)ACR is that superior authorities are biased in the assessment of the subordinates. In order to have a better appraisal of the officials, the government in 2016 introduced a system of ..

In a welfare state, the role of bureaucracy is crucial in service delivery. What are the issues that lead to faulty implementation? Also, suggest measures to ensure effective implementation.

Bureaucracy is the backbone of civil administration & play a vital role in the implementation of various welfare initiatives taken by the government. However, despite various initiatives, there are issues related to implementation which impedes desired outcomes. Reasons behind faulty ..

Do you support the proposal to abolish PPPAC and make NITI Aayog the approval authority for public-private-partnership (PPP) projects in India? Give arguments.

According to current rules, PPP projects above Rs. 1,000 crore in value are sent to PPPAC and then to the cabinet for final approval. PPPAC was created in 2006 and is responsible for the appraisal of the PPP projects in ..

While throwing light upon current legal framework in place, discuss the legislative steps that should be taken to protect customers using digital payments in the country.

In an effort to move toward cashless economy ,governmnet has been promoting digital payment vigorously. Case of concern: According to RBI, 13,083 and 11,997 cases related to ATM,credit, debit card and net banking fraud were reported in 2014-2015 and 2015-16. ..