What are the factors affecting the surface temperature of oceans? Discuss the impact of difference in sea surface temperatures of the tropical western and eastern Indian Ocean upon Climate of India.

Factors affecting surface temperature of oceans are: Latitude– Surface temperature of ocean water is highest near equator and decreases as one moves towards poles. Prevailing winds– Coriolis force causes the trade winds to move from east to west on both ..

India is well endowed with fresh water resources. Critically examine why it still suffers from water scarcity.

India has many perennial rivers in the Northern parts and many seasonal rivers in the Southern part. The country also receives a good amount of rain over the year. Despite this, the country suffers from water scarcity. One of the ..

Thunderstorms, lightning and many such events are witnessed during Pre-monsoonal season in India. Explain their formation process and its impact on various regions of India.

Pre-monsoon season is from April to May in India. It is the precursor to the full onset of monsoon. Due to high-pressure over the Indian subcontinent, the moisture bearing winds are not attracted to the mainland. Process of Pre-monsoon rainfalls: ..

Differentiate between "Strait"and "Isthmus". Discuss the location of two straits and two isthmuses while focus on their economic and strategic importance.

Strait is a navigable waterway that connects two large water bodies, while Isthmus is a thin strip of land that connects two larger areas of land. Importance of control over Isthmuses and Straits Control over straits and Isthmuses by a ..

Discuss the constructive and destructive effects of volcanic eruptions with suitable examples.

Constructive effects of volcanic eruptions Formation of Fertile Soils- Volcanic soils are fertile, rich in minerals and very good for agriculture. In India, such soil type is referred as Laterite soil, which is mainly concentrated in the eastern and western ..

The Himalayan Foothills abound in natural as well as artificial wetlands." Discuss with suitable examples.

Wetlands are defined as land which is saturated with water seasonally or permanently with water and takes on the characteristics of a distinct ecosystem. India has 26 Ramsar wetland sites and a number of small and large wetlands. Himalayan Foothills ..

Many countries around the world have shown technically recoverable shale gas potential but as of now the commercially viable production is being done only few countries? Explain the reasons. How the twin techniques of horizontal drilling and hydro-fracking have revolutionized shale gas industry?

Technically recoverable shale gas potential has been shown by many countries including India but as of now, the commercial production is being done only in US, Canada and China. The reason for the same is geology of the shales which ..

Explain the terms: (1) Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis (2) Dry adiabatic lapse rate and moist adiabatic lapse rate.

Aurora Borealis and Aurora Australis Aurora is referred to as polar lights observed around the magnetic poles in the northern as well as in southern hemispheres.  It results due to collisions between electrically charged particles from the sun and the earth’s ..