“The Cost Risk structure in Indian agriculture must be paid attention while framing policies.” Discuss.

The agriculture practice in India has been there since the time of the Indus Valley Civilization. About 50% of the workforce in India is associated with agricultural sectors that contribute to 17% of India’s GDP. Several risk factors are associated with the agriculture sector of India. Those factors must be taken care of during the formulation of policies.

Problems of Indian Agriculture

Indian agriculture has been facing impediments due to the adverse impact of climate change, lack of infrastructure development, farmers’ suicide, land diversion, and slow agricultural growth which is a big concern for the policymakers as a large percentage of the population depends on rural employment for a living. The current condition is neither economically profitable nor environmentally viable. Poor irrigation, poor transport service, and red-tapism are creating huge problems in the agriculture sector. The policymakers should definitely focus on the issues while making policies.

Swaminathan Commission report and initiatives

The National Commission on Farmers was set up in 2004 under the chairmanship of M.S. Swaminathan, the father of the green revolution in India.

• The report had suggested the improvement of the living standards of farmers and farm sector upliftment.
• It had recommended several methods to enhance the income of farmers.
• The Model Agricultural Land Leasing Act was introduced by the government.
• The e-NAM schemes helped to link the agriculture markets across the country.
• The National Agricultural Market has been formed for open trade operations.
• National extension of the soil health card scheme helped to check the fertility of the soil from time to time.
• The welfare of agriculture, farmers, and consumers have been given the maximum weightage.

Considering the factors a farmer-friendly policy could save the entire agriculture system of India and will increase productivity.