Discuss in the light of the implications of foreign intervention on national stability and governance in post-conflict scenarios.

The situation in Libya exemplifies the complexities of post-conflict governance and the implications of foreign intervention. After the fall of Muammar Qadhafi in 2011, Libya descended into chaos, revealing how regime change does not equate to stability. The internationally recognised Government of National Accord (GNA) based in Tripoli and the rival government in Tobruk, led by General Khalifa Haftar, illustrate the fragmentation of authority that can arise in the absence of a unifying political framework.

• Power Vacuum: The overthrow of Qadhafi created a power vacuum, which neither local nor foreign entities effectively filled. This absence of a central authority led to the rise of multiple factions, each vying for control.
• Foreign Interests: The involvement of external powers has further complicated the situation. Countries like Egypt, UAE, and Saudi Arabia support Haftar, while Turkey and Qatar back the GNA. This foreign backing often exacerbates conflicts rather than resolving them.
• Peace Initiatives: Prime Minister Sarraj’s recent peace initiative, aimed at stabilising Libya through a national forum and subsequent elections, is important step. However, the success of such initiatives depends on the willingness of both domestic and international actors to prioritise peace over power.

Rebuilding Libya requires a concerted effort that transcends narrow geopolitical interests. The international community must recognise that while regime change can be executed relatively easily, encouraging a stable, inclusive government is far more challenging. The case of Libya serves as a cautionary tale for interventions elsewhere, emphasising the need for comprehensive strategies that address the root causes of conflict and promote genuine national reconciliation. Only then can a sustainable peace be achieved.