India-Nepal bilateral relations have not normalized even after several attempts of resetting ties. Discuss.

India and Nepal share an intimate bond. Both countries have historical ties and their relationship is often termed as ‘Roti Beti ka Rishta’. The cultural connect, movement of people, similar religion, have formed unique ties between the two nations. However, the ties between the two nations have not been going smoothly for some time.

Resetting the ties between India and Nepal:

• India stopped its policy of interference in Nepal after the 2015 constitutional blockade.
• Frequent visits by Prime Minister, Foreign Minister and high-level dignitaries to Nepal.
• Development aid and coordination in hydroelectric projects etc have been increased.

But barriers still remain:

• Nepal feels that the 1959 treaty of friendship hugely favours India.
• Growing influence of China in Nepal.
• Porous borders and free movement creates the problem of smuggling, trafficking, etc.
• Effects of 2015 Indian blockade in Nepal.
• Increasing over dependence of Nepal and India is forcing Nepal to find other avenues for trade.
• Water sharing and river water disputes.

Despite these irritants, the relationship between India and Nepal is still strong. Further the government of India should commit to Gujral doctrine and help Nepal in allaying its fears against India.