Page-7 of GS-I: Modern World History
Napoleon Bonaparte
Napoleon Bonaparte was the military and political leader of France who changed the course of European Politics by his conquests. He was born in 1769 and remained emperor of France from 1804 to 1814. His career began in 1785, when ..
French Revolution
The French Revolution marked a turning point in the history of humankind as it put an end to the medieval monarchical absolutism, feudal laws and social inequality. It introduced for the first time the idea of republicanism based on “Liberty, ..
What was outcome of Thirty Years War?
The Thirty year war was fought between Catholics and Protestants in Central Europe between 1618 and 1648. It is considered to be one of the most devastating wars in Europe. Though the war took place mainly within modern-day Germany, many ..
Who was Martin Luther and what did he do?
In the 16th century, the reformation or Protestant Reformation led to the ultimate assault upon the monopolistic power of the universal church. This great religious turmoil not only witnessed a great religious change, but also announced the beginning of a ..
What are key facts on Renaissance?
The increasing wealth, wider travel, and a greater knowledge of the outside world led to a new philosophy and outlook on life which is collectively called Renaissance. Up till now, the inspiration was mainly from the Church to have a ..
What were Crusades? How they led to development of Nation State?
In 11th and 12th century, there was a significant conflict {called Investiture Controversy} between Church and State. This mainly referred to challenges given by the successive Popes to the authority of monarchs. Initially, the Papal Authority {hegemony of church} prevailed ..
What were the three estates during medieval ages in Europe?
During the middle Ages, the social structure was strictly divided into three classes or “estates”. The First Estate, composed of the ordained officers of the Church, from pope to parish priest and wandering monk, constituted a separate class claiming authority ..
How European Feudalism was Different from Indian Feudalism?
Since it was practically difficult to maintain strict control over the widespread lands; governance rested mainly in the hands of local nobility. Theoretically, the king owned the land which he granted to the nobles called Lords; who in return would ..