Sudan’s Humanitarian Crisis

April 12, 2025

Sudan is currently facing the world’s largest humanitarian crisis. The ongoing civil war, which began in April 2023, has led to extreme hunger affecting nearly half of the population. Over 25 million people are in dire need of assistance. The conflict has resulted in widespread displacement, with millions fleeing their homes. Women and girls are particularly vulnerable, facing increased risks of gender-based violence and severe food insecurity.

Sudan Conflict

The war erupted on April 15, 2023, due to escalating tensions between military and paramilitary forces. The violence quickly spread from Khartoum to other regions, including Darfur. Reports indicate that at least 20,000 people have died, with the actual number likely higher. The conflict has displaced over 8 million people within Sudan and forced 4 million to seek refuge in neighbouring countries.

Humanitarian Impact

The humanitarian situation is catastrophic. Famine was first confirmed in August 2024 in Zamzam camp, North Darfur. It has since expanded to ten other areas, with 17 more at risk. The World Food Programme (WFP) has reported that access to food is critically limited. Many areas remain besieged, preventing humanitarian aid from reaching those in need.

Gender-Based Violence Crisis

The conflict has disproportionately affected women and girls. Over 12 million are now at risk of gender-based violence, with reports indicating that such violence is used as a weapon of war. Many women have been displaced and lack access to essential services, including healthcare. The number of maternal deaths has surged, and access to reproductive healthcare has been severely disrupted.

Role of Women in Crisis

Despite the dire conditions, Sudanese women have emerged as crucial responders and peacebuilders. They have called for equal representation in peace negotiations, demanding a 50% presence at decision-making tables. Women-led organisations have partnered with UN Women to provide essential support, including legal aid and mental health services.

International Response and Funding Needs

The WFP has increased its assistance, reaching over 3 million people per month. However, they need $650 million to continue their efforts. UN Women has also issued urgent appeals for international support, denoting the need for sustainable funding for local organisations. Without adequate resources, the humanitarian situation will worsen.

Current Challenges and Outlook

The ongoing conflict and humanitarian crisis present challenges. Access to food, healthcare, and safety remains limited. The international community must respond to the urgent needs of the Sudanese people, particularly women and girls, who bear the brunt of this crisis.

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