Similipal National Park

April 26, 2025

In development for environmental conservation, Similipal has been designated as a national park by the Odisha government. This formal notification marks the culmination of decades of efforts to protect this vital ecological area. Spanning 845.70 square kilometres, Similipal is now the largest national park in Odisha and the 107th in India.

Historical Context of Similipal

Similipal was initially proposed for national park status in 1980. The area has a rich biodiversity, including numerous species of mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. The region was previously designated as a wildlife sanctuary in 1975. The long-awaited national park status is seen as a very important moment in Odisha’s conservation history.

Biodiversity and Ecosystem

Similipal is home to 55 species of mammals, 361 species of birds, 62 species of reptiles, and 21 species of amphibians. The park encompasses portion of the Similipal Tiger Reserve, which covers 2,750 square kilometres. The core critical tiger habitat was notified in 2007, covering 1,194.75 square kilometres.

Challenges in Designation

The process of declaring Similipal a national park faced challenges due to human habitation within the proposed area. Six villages were located in the core zone. While the government successfully relocated some villages, Bakua village remains inhabited, necessitating its exclusion from the national park designation.

Conservation Goals and Future Prospects

The new national park status empowers the forest department to enforce stricter conservation laws. It also opens avenues for increased funding to enhance protection measures within the tiger habitat. The government aims to align this initiative with broader conservation goals and sustainable development strategies.

Significance for Tribal Communities

The designation of Similipal as a national park is expected to uplift tribal aspirations. The conservation efforts will not only protect the environment but also support the livelihoods of local communities. The government’s commitment to sustainable development is reflected in this initiative.

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