Rwanda Declares End to Marburg Virus Outbreak

December 27, 2024

Rwanda has officially declared the end of its first Marburg Virus Disease (MVD) outbreak as of December 20, 2024, followed a 42-day monitoring period with no new cases reported. The outbreak, which began on September 27, 2024, resulted in 66 confirmed cases and 15 fatalities, primarily affecting health workers.

About Marburg Virus Disease

Marburg Virus Disease is a severe and often fatal illness. It is caused by the Marburg virus, which is transmitted from fruit bats to humans. The disease is characterized by a high fatality rate, averaging around 50%. Transmission occurs through direct contact with infected bodily fluids, contaminated surfaces, or materials.

Key Outbreak Statistics

During the recent outbreak in Rwanda, the fatality rate was notably lower at approximately 23%. The outbreak saw a rapid increase in cases, particularly among healthcare professionals, due to their exposure while treating infected colleagues.

Rwandan health authorities implemented several measures to control the outbreak. These included rigorous case tracking, testing, contact tracing, and public education. The health authorities collaborated closely with the World Health Organization (WHO) and other partners, which facilitated a rapid reduction in case numbers.

International Support and Collaboration

The WHO provided support, deploying experts in Marburg and Ebola viruses. They mobilised 39 health professionals from various countries, marking the largest response team ever sent for such an outbreak. This collaboration was crucial in managing the crisis effectively.

Currently, there are no approved vaccines or treatments for MVD. However, several candidates are in development, including a single-dose vaccine from the Sabin Vaccine Institute, which is undergoing Phase 2 trials. WHO continues to assist Rwanda in supporting survivors through long-term care initiatives.

GKToday Notes:
Marburg Virus Disease (MVD): MVD is a severe illness caused by the Marburg virus. It has a high average fatality rate of about 50%. It is primarily transmitted through fruit bats.
Sabin Vaccine Institute: The Sabin Vaccine Institute is developing a single-dose vaccine for MVD. This vaccine is currently in Phase 2 trials. It aims to improve responses to future outbreaks.
WHO’s Largest Deployment: The WHO’s recent response to the Marburg outbreak involved 39 health professionals. This marked the largest deployment for such an outbreak. Their expertise was crucial in controlling the crisis.

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