What is Norovirus?

December 31, 2024

Norovirus cases are increasing in the United States this winter with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reporting double the usual cases, particularly in early December raising concerns among health officials.

About Norovirus

Norovirus, often referred to as the stomach flu or “winter vomiting bug,” causes inflammation in the stomach and intestines. It leads to vomiting and diarrhea, with symptoms appearing suddenly. Common symptoms include nausea, stomach pain, body aches, headaches, and weakness.

Transmission of Norovirus

Norovirus is highly contagious and can spread through contact with infected individuals. Just ten viral particles can cause infection. The virus can contaminate food, water, or surfaces, primarily due to inadequate hand hygiene. Common transmission routes include consuming contaminated food or beverages and touching infected surfaces.

While anyone can contract norovirus, certain groups are more vulnerable. Young children under five and adults over 85 are at greater risk of severe illness and may require medical attention.

Symptoms and Duration

Symptoms typically manifest 12 hours to two days after exposure and can last for one to two days. Infected individuals often experience severe nausea and frequent vomiting, which can occur unexpectedly.

Treatment and Recovery

There is no specific treatment for norovirus, as antibiotics are ineffective against viruses. The CDC recommends staying hydrated by consuming fluids like sports drinks or Pedialyte to help recovery.

Prevention Measures

To prevent norovirus transmission, the CDC advises several key practices:

Remain at home for at least two days after symptoms cease.
Wash hands frequently with soap and water for a minimum of 20 seconds.
Disinfect contaminated surfaces thoroughly.
Wash fruits, vegetables, and shellfish adequately.
Launder contaminated clothing in hot water.
Following these guidelines can reduce the risk of infection and help control outbreaks.

GKToday Notes:
Norovirus: Norovirus is also known as the “winter vomiting bug.” It causes severe gastrointestinal symptoms. Just ten viral particles are enough to infect an individual. It is highly contagious.
CDC: The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention is a key public health agency in the United States. It monitors disease outbreaks and provides health guidelines. The CDC plays a vital role in disease prevention.
Pedialyte: Pedialyte is an oral rehydration solution. It is commonly used to prevent dehydration. This drink is particularly beneficial for those suffering from gastrointestinal illnesses. It contains electrolytes and sugars.

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