Rising Demand for Ultra-Processed Foods in India

August 25, 2023

India’s ultra-processed food sector has witnessed rapid growth, with a compound annual growth rate of 13.37% in retail sales value from 2011 to 2021, according to a report by the World Health Organization and the Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations.

The report highlights the need for policy interventions to address the potential health risks associated with increased consumption of ultra-processed foods. Such foods, characterized by a long shelf life and multiple additives, have been linked to noncommunicable diseases and obesity. The report urges caution and cites the decline in growth rate during the pandemic, as well as the importance of addressing advertising and marketing of such products, especially to children.

What is the focus of the report’s findings regarding India’s ultra-processed food sector?

The report reveals a significant growth rate of 13.37% in the retail sales value of India’s ultra-processed food sector from 2011 to 2021. This growth raises concerns about potential health risks associated with increased consumption of such foods, necessitating policy interventions to prevent an obesity epidemic and address noncommunicable diseases.

How does the report define ultra-processed foods?

Ultra-processed foods are defined as those with a long shelf life and containing multiple ingredients, including additives like preservatives, emulsifiers, sweeteners, and artificial colors and flavors. They often lack nutritional value and are linked to various health risks.

What are some key recommendations made by the report?

The report recommends clear definitions of High Fat Sugar Salt (HFSS) foods by the Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI) and the adoption of a nutrient-based tax model. Additionally, the report emphasizes the need for comprehensive national nutrition policies to address both under-nutrition and over-nutrition issues and to promote healthier dietary choices.

How does the report address concerns related to advertising and marketing of ultra-processed foods?

The report highlights the popularity of sweet biscuits among children due to their affordability, ease of storage, and long shelf life. The authors recommend targeted efforts to reduce marketing and advertisement of such products to children, considering their popularity as snacks.

How do ultra-processed foods affect health and disease risk?

Ultra-processed foods are associated with noncommunicable diseases, including obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes. The high content of additives, unhealthy fats, sugars, and salts in such foods contributes to increased health risks, making it important to address their consumption.

What is the report’s perspective on India’s existing policies and programs related to nutrition?

The report points out that India’s current policies and programs, such as Saksham Anganwadi and Poshan 2.0, do not adequately address overnutrition and unhealthy diet-related diseases. The authors advocate for the development of a comprehensive national nutrition policy that addresses both under-nutrition and over-nutrition issues.

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