World History MCQs
World History Multiple Choice Quiz Questions (MCQs) on Ancient World History, Medieval World History and Modern World History for various UPSC, PCS and other Competitive Examinations.
21. Which of the following was the result of the Great Depression?
[A] A stable exchange rate system.
[B] Increased trade barriers and devalued currencies.
[C] Free international capital flows.
[D] None of the above
[B] Increased trade barriers and devalued currencies.
[C] Free international capital flows.
[D] None of the above
Correct Answer: B [Increased trade barriers and devalued currencies.]
Notes:
Every country which was involved in the Great Depression believed that by increasing trade barriers and devaluating their currencies it could manage to keep its economy afloat. But after the Great Depression, it was demonstrated that this won’t work.
Every country which was involved in the Great Depression believed that by increasing trade barriers and devaluating their currencies it could manage to keep its economy afloat. But after the Great Depression, it was demonstrated that this won’t work.
22. Bretton Woods Conference of July 1944, established which of the following institutions?
1) IBRD
2) IMF
3) WTO
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
1) IBRD
2) IMF
3) WTO
Select the correct answer from the codes given below:
[A] Only 1
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 2
[D] Only 3
[B] Only 2 & 3
[C] Only 1 & 2
[D] Only 3
Correct Answer: C [Only 1 & 2]
Notes:
The Bretton Woods Conference of July 1944, taking the assumption that no peace could last if economic and financial chaos prevailed, established two important financial institutions:
1) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development [IBRD]
2) The International Monetary Fund [IMF].
The Bretton Woods Conference of July 1944, taking the assumption that no peace could last if economic and financial chaos prevailed, established two important financial institutions:
1) The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development [IBRD]
2) The International Monetary Fund [IMF].
23. Which are the signatory countries of the “Tartu Peace Treaty”?
[A] Russia and Ukraine
[B] Russia and Estonia
[C] Russia and Belarus
[D] Russia and Latvia
[B] Russia and Estonia
[C] Russia and Belarus
[D] Russia and Latvia
Correct Answer: B [Russia and Estonia]
Notes:
In its early period, Estonia was under the colonial subjugation of Germans, Danes, Swedes, Poles and Russians. In 19th and early 20th centuries, Estonia witnessed a movement promoting and propagating “Estonian National Awakening” in which Estonians started acknowledging themselves as a nation deserving the right to govern themselves. This lead to the Estonian War of Independence from 1918 to 1920 which lead to the Estonian victory and the signing of the Tartu Peace Treaty, finally proclaiming the independence of Estonia from Russia. After independence, initially, Estonia followed a democratic political system which got culminated into an authoritarian rule post-Great Depression period from 1934 to 1940. This period was known as the Era of Silence. During World War II from 1939 to 1945, Estonia was under German and Soviet Union occupation, which finally ended with Soviet Union subjugation of Estonia through a puppet government, so as to continue the de jure status of Estonia. Annoyed with the subjugation of Soviet Rule, Estonians started “Singing Revolution” from 1987 to 1991 seeking the restoration of independence of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania from Soviet Rule. This lead to the formal restoration of independence of Estonia from the Soviet Union in 1991.
In its early period, Estonia was under the colonial subjugation of Germans, Danes, Swedes, Poles and Russians. In 19th and early 20th centuries, Estonia witnessed a movement promoting and propagating “Estonian National Awakening” in which Estonians started acknowledging themselves as a nation deserving the right to govern themselves. This lead to the Estonian War of Independence from 1918 to 1920 which lead to the Estonian victory and the signing of the Tartu Peace Treaty, finally proclaiming the independence of Estonia from Russia. After independence, initially, Estonia followed a democratic political system which got culminated into an authoritarian rule post-Great Depression period from 1934 to 1940. This period was known as the Era of Silence. During World War II from 1939 to 1945, Estonia was under German and Soviet Union occupation, which finally ended with Soviet Union subjugation of Estonia through a puppet government, so as to continue the de jure status of Estonia. Annoyed with the subjugation of Soviet Rule, Estonians started “Singing Revolution” from 1987 to 1991 seeking the restoration of independence of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania from Soviet Rule. This lead to the formal restoration of independence of Estonia from the Soviet Union in 1991.
24. Which of the following countries fought the “Continuation War”?
[A] Norway and Nazi Germany Vs Soviet Union
[B] Sweden and Nazi Germany Vs Soviet Union
[C] Finland and Nazi Germany Vs Soviet Union
[D] Denmark and Nazi Germany Vs Soviet Union
[B] Sweden and Nazi Germany Vs Soviet Union
[C] Finland and Nazi Germany Vs Soviet Union
[D] Denmark and Nazi Germany Vs Soviet Union
Correct Answer: C [Finland and Nazi Germany Vs Soviet Union]
Notes:
Continuation War was fought as part of the Eastern Front of World War II from 25 June 1941 to 19 September 1944 by Finland and Nazi Germany on one side and the Soviet Union on the other side. This war began after the Interim Peace period from 13 March 1940 to 25 June 1941 following the Winter War. Finland invaded the Soviet Union to regain the territories lost during the Winter War. The Continuation War led to the victory of the Soviet Union which further leads to the signing of the Moscow Armistice which ceded the Petsamo region and leased the Porkkala Peninsula to the USSR.
Continuation War was fought as part of the Eastern Front of World War II from 25 June 1941 to 19 September 1944 by Finland and Nazi Germany on one side and the Soviet Union on the other side. This war began after the Interim Peace period from 13 March 1940 to 25 June 1941 following the Winter War. Finland invaded the Soviet Union to regain the territories lost during the Winter War. The Continuation War led to the victory of the Soviet Union which further leads to the signing of the Moscow Armistice which ceded the Petsamo region and leased the Porkkala Peninsula to the USSR.
25. Which are the countries involved in the “Triple Entente”?
[A] Russia, France, Great Britain
[B] Italy, Austria-Hungary, Germany
[C] United States of America, Canada, Great Britain
[D] Russia, Italy, Germany
[B] Italy, Austria-Hungary, Germany
[C] United States of America, Canada, Great Britain
[D] Russia, Italy, Germany
Correct Answer: A [Russia, France, Great Britain ]
Notes:
The Triple Entente describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic and Great Britain. It built upon the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894, the Entente Cordiale of 1904 between Paris and London, and the Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907. It formed a powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The Triple Entente, unlike the Triple Alliance or the Franco-Russian Alliance itself, was not an alliance of mutual defence.
The Triple Entente describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic and Great Britain. It built upon the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894, the Entente Cordiale of 1904 between Paris and London, and the Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907. It formed a powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The Triple Entente, unlike the Triple Alliance or the Franco-Russian Alliance itself, was not an alliance of mutual defence.
26. Which country was the location of the “Georgian Uprising on Texel”?
[A] Germany
[B] Netherlands
[C] Russia
[D] Denmark
[B] Netherlands
[C] Russia
[D] Denmark
Correct Answer: B [Netherlands]
Notes:
Texel, a municipality of the Netherlands, was the location of the “Georgian Uprising on Texel”. The Georgian uprising on Texel (5 April 1945 – 20 May 1945), happened as part of the Western Front of 1944-45 in the European theatre of World War II, was an insurrection by the 882nd Infantry Battalion Konigin Tamara (Queen Tamar or Tamara) of the Georgian Legion of the German Army stationed on the German-occupied Dutch island of Texel. The battalion was made up of 800 Georgians and 400 Germans, with mainly German officers. It was one of the last battles in the European theatre.
Texel, a municipality of the Netherlands, was the location of the “Georgian Uprising on Texel”. The Georgian uprising on Texel (5 April 1945 – 20 May 1945), happened as part of the Western Front of 1944-45 in the European theatre of World War II, was an insurrection by the 882nd Infantry Battalion Konigin Tamara (Queen Tamar or Tamara) of the Georgian Legion of the German Army stationed on the German-occupied Dutch island of Texel. The battalion was made up of 800 Georgians and 400 Germans, with mainly German officers. It was one of the last battles in the European theatre.
27. Which country’s naval sailors revolted in the “Kiel Mutiny”?
[A] France
[B] Russia
[C] Germany
[D] Denmark
[B] Russia
[C] Germany
[D] Denmark
Correct Answer: C [Germany]
Notes:
Germany’s naval sailors revolted in the “Kiel Mutiny”. The Kiel mutiny was a major revolt by sailors of the German High Seas Fleet on 3 November 1918. The revolt triggered the German revolution which was to sweep aside the monarchy within a few days. It ultimately led to the end of the German Empire and to the establishment of the Weimar Republic.
Germany’s naval sailors revolted in the “Kiel Mutiny”. The Kiel mutiny was a major revolt by sailors of the German High Seas Fleet on 3 November 1918. The revolt triggered the German revolution which was to sweep aside the monarchy within a few days. It ultimately led to the end of the German Empire and to the establishment of the Weimar Republic.
28. Which country’s political party was the “Nazi Party”?
[A] France
[B] Germany
[C] Italy
[D] Russia
[B] Germany
[C] Italy
[D] Russia
Correct Answer: B [Germany]
Notes:
The National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP), commonly referred as the Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945, that created and supported the ideology of National Socialism. The Nazi Party emerged from the German nationalist, racist and populist Freikorps paramilitary culture, which fought against the communist uprisings in post-World War I Germany. The party was created to draw workers away from communism and into nationalism. Initially, Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business, anti-bourgeois, and anti-capitalist rhetoric, although this was later downplayed to gain the support of business leaders, and in the 1930s the party’s main focus shifted to antisemitic and anti-Marxist themes.
The National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP), commonly referred as the Nazi Party, was a far-right political party in Germany that was active between 1920 and 1945, that created and supported the ideology of National Socialism. The Nazi Party emerged from the German nationalist, racist and populist Freikorps paramilitary culture, which fought against the communist uprisings in post-World War I Germany. The party was created to draw workers away from communism and into nationalism. Initially, Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business, anti-bourgeois, and anti-capitalist rhetoric, although this was later downplayed to gain the support of business leaders, and in the 1930s the party’s main focus shifted to antisemitic and anti-Marxist themes.
29. Which of the following was the subject-matter/agenda of the “Yalta Conference”?
[A] Post-World War II reorganization of Germany and Europe
[B] Post-World War II reorganization of Japan and South China Sea
[C] Post-World War II non-proliferation of nuclear weapons
[D] Post-World War II establishment of the United Nations
[B] Post-World War II reorganization of Japan and South China Sea
[C] Post-World War II non-proliferation of nuclear weapons
[D] Post-World War II establishment of the United Nations
Correct Answer: A [Post-World War II reorganization of Germany and Europe]
Notes:
Post-World War II reorganization of Germany and Europe was the subject-matter/agenda of the “Yalta Conference”. The Yalta Conference, also known as the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, held February 4–11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe. The three states were represented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Premier Joseph Stalin, respectively. The conference was held near Yalta in Crimea, Soviet Union. The aim of the conference was to shape a post-war peace that represented not just a collective security order but a plan to give self-determination to the liberated peoples of post-Nazi Europe. The meeting was intended mainly to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe.
Post-World War II reorganization of Germany and Europe was the subject-matter/agenda of the “Yalta Conference”. The Yalta Conference, also known as the Crimea Conference and codenamed the Argonaut Conference, held February 4–11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe. The three states were represented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt, Prime Minister Winston Churchill, and Premier Joseph Stalin, respectively. The conference was held near Yalta in Crimea, Soviet Union. The aim of the conference was to shape a post-war peace that represented not just a collective security order but a plan to give self-determination to the liberated peoples of post-Nazi Europe. The meeting was intended mainly to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe.
30. Which country’s unification was achieved through the “Two Plus Four Agreement”?
[A] Austria
[B] Germany
[C] Czech Republic
[D] Italy
[B] Germany
[C] Czech Republic
[D] Italy
Correct Answer: B [Germany]
Notes:
Germany’s unification was achieved through the “Two Plus Four Agreement”. The Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany or the Two Plus Four Agreement was negotiated in 1990 between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic, and the Four Powers which occupied Germany at the end of World War II in Europe: France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In the treaty, the Four Powers renounced all rights they held in Germany, allowing a reunited Germany to become fully sovereign the following year. On the other hand, Germany agreed to confirm its acceptance of its existing border with Poland and accepted that the borders of Germany after unification would correspond only to the territories then administered by West and East Germany, with the exclusion and renunciation of any other territorial claims.
Germany’s unification was achieved through the “Two Plus Four Agreement”. The Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany or the Two Plus Four Agreement was negotiated in 1990 between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic, and the Four Powers which occupied Germany at the end of World War II in Europe: France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In the treaty, the Four Powers renounced all rights they held in Germany, allowing a reunited Germany to become fully sovereign the following year. On the other hand, Germany agreed to confirm its acceptance of its existing border with Poland and accepted that the borders of Germany after unification would correspond only to the territories then administered by West and East Germany, with the exclusion and renunciation of any other territorial claims.