World History MCQs

Notes:
Constantinople fell in 1453. It marked the end of the Byzantine empire. The city ceased to be a Centre of Christian faith and learning. Many Greek scholars and intellectuals began to travel westwards with all their precious manuscripts and writings.

Notes:
The explorer Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer who discovered the Americas and whose journeys marked the beginning of centuries of transatlantic colonization. He made four trips across the Atlantic Ocean from Spain: in 1492, 1493, 1498 and 1502.

Notes:
Rousseau advocated the government based on Social Contract. “The Social Contract” by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, is a 1762 book in which Rousseau theorized about the best way to establish a political community in the face of the problems of commercial society.

Notes:
Tsar Nicholas II ruled Russia in 1917, while Bolshevik Vladmir Lenin lived in exile. However by October, the revolution had reversed their roles, leaving the former tsar a prisoner and Lenin holding all the power.

Notes:
Provisional Military Government Of Socialist Ethiopia also known as “Derg”, was the government led by a committee of military leaders or military junta from 1974 to 1987. This government was against the monarchy and supported communism as their ideology to rule Ethiopia. The infamous Qey Shibir Massacre of 1977, which was widely known as the Ethiopian Red Terror, was sanctioned by this government to eliminate political opponents.

Notes:

The coup of 18 Brumaire was happened on 9 November 1799 in France, which brought General Napolean Bonaparte to power as First Consul of France and in view of most historians ended the French Revolution. This bloodless coup overthrew the Directory, replacing it with the French Consulate.

Notes:
The August Uprising was an unsuccessful insurrection against Soviet rule in the Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic from late August to early September 1924. Aimed at restoring the independence of Georgia from the Soviet Union, the uprising was led by the Committee for Independence of Georgia, a bloc of anti-Soviet political organisations chaired by the Georgian Social Democratic (Menshevik) Party. It represented the culmination of a three-year struggle against the Bolshevik regime that Soviet Russia’s Red Army had established in Georgia during a military campaign against the Democratic Republic of Georgia in early 1921. The result of this uprising was decisive Soviet government victory.

Notes:
Judaism was the target of “The Holocaust” genocide. The Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, was the genocide of the European Jews during World War II. Between 1941 and 1945, across German-occupied Europe, Nazi Germany and its collaborators systematically murdered some six million Jews, around two-thirds of Europe’s Jewish population. The murders were carried out in pogroms and mass shootings; by a policy of extermination through work in concentration camps; and in gas chambers and gas vans in German extermination camps. Germany implemented the persecution in stages.

Notes:
1940-1941 was the period of the Battle of Greece. The Battle of Greece (also known as Operation Marita) is the common name for the invasion of Allied Greece by Fascist Italy and Nazi Germany in April 1941 during World War II. The Italian invasion in October 1940, which is usually known as the Greco-Italian War, was followed by the German invasion in April 1941. German landings on the island of Crete (May 1941) came after Allied forces had been defeated in mainland Greece. These battles were part of the greater Balkan Campaign of Germany.

Notes:
The Massacre of Kalavryta, or the Holocaust of Kalavryta, refers to the near-extermination of the male population and the total destruction of the town of Kalavryta, Greece, by the 117th Jager Division (Wehrmacht) during World War II, on 13 December 1943.