World History MCQs

Notes:
Some of the causes of American War of Independence are:
1. England symbolized old and traditional institutions like the Church, monarchy and feudal heritages.
2. The Puritans developed a progressive out-look for a free society of free men without the bondage of the Church or such other out-of-date restrictions.

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The most important privilege enjoyed by clergy and nobility of France in 18th century was exemption from taxes of the state. Only the third estate was made to pay taxes. The first two estate were exempted from taxation.

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William I or Wilhelm I of the House of Hohenzollern or Kaiser William I of Prussia was King of Prussia from 2 January 1861. He became the first German Emperor from 18 January 1871 to his death.

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Mettemich who was the Austrian chancellor presided over the Congress of Vienna in 1815 because he was leading the host delegation. He was very much opposed to nationalism, whether of Italy or of Germany.

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Russia suffered most deaths in the First World War. The greatest number of casualties and wounds were inflicted by the use of artillery, followed by small arms, and then by poison gas.

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The Soviet of the People’s Commissars was the official name of Lenin’s new government. Vladimir Lenin became the head of the new government of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic.

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There were many factors that resulted in the outbreak of the Second World War. some of which were:
1) Growth of Militarism in Japan.
2) The French search for security.
3) The rise of communism and its propaganda machinery.

Notes:
The Triple Entente describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic and Great Britain. It built upon the Franco-Russian Alliance of 1894, the Entente Cordiale of 1904 between Paris and London, and the Anglo-Russian Entente of 1907. It formed a powerful counterweight to the Triple Alliance of Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy. The Triple Entente, unlike the Triple Alliance or the Franco-Russian Alliance itself, was not an alliance of mutual defence.

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Germany passed the “Enabling Act of 1933” that gave formal legal sanction to dictatorship. The Enabling Act of 1933, was a law that gave the German Cabinet—in effect, the Chancellor—the power to enact laws without the involvement of the Reichstag and to override fundamental aspects of the Weimar Constitution. The Enabling Act gave Hitler plenary powers and followed on the heels of the Reichstag Fire Decree, which had abolished most civil liberties and transferred state powers to the Reich government. The combined effect of the two laws was to transform Hitler’s government into a legal dictatorship.

Notes:
Germany’s unification was achieved through the “Two Plus Four Agreement”. The Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany or the Two Plus Four Agreement was negotiated in 1990 between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic, and the Four Powers which occupied Germany at the end of World War II in Europe: France, the Soviet Union, the United Kingdom, and the United States. In the treaty, the Four Powers renounced all rights they held in Germany, allowing a reunited Germany to become fully sovereign the following year. On the other hand, Germany agreed to confirm its acceptance of its existing border with Poland and accepted that the borders of Germany after unification would correspond only to the territories then administered by West and East Germany, with the exclusion and renunciation of any other territorial claims.