1. Which telescope was used to discover Asteroid 2024 YR4?
[A] Hubble Space Telescope
[B] ATLAS Telescope
[C] James Webb Space Telescope
[D] Chandra X-ray Observatory
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [ATLAS Telescope]
Notes:
On April 2, 2025, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) reported that asteroid 2024 YR4 has a 3.8% chance of hitting the Moon on December 22, 2032. YR4 is a Near-Earth Asteroid (NEA) discovered in December 2024 using the Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System (ATLAS) telescope in Chile. It is classified as a Near-Earth Object (NEO) because its orbit brings it close to Earth—within 1.3 times the Earth-Sun distance. In February 2025, YR4 triggered NASA’s highest-ever asteroid impact alert. Infrared data from the James Webb Space Telescope estimates its size at around 65 metres, similar to a 10-storey building. Since it is below 140 metres in size, it is not labeled a “Potentially Hazardous Asteroid.” Earlier, it had a 1% chance of hitting Earth, but updated analysis now shows almost no threat to our planet.
2. India has launched its first 3-nanometre (3nm) chip design centres in which cities?
[A] Noida and Bengaluru
[B] Indore and Chennai
[C] Hyderabad and Lucknow
[D] New Delhi and Bhopal
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Noida and Bengaluru]
Notes:
India has launched its first 3-nanometre (3nm) chip design centres in Noida and Bengaluru, marking a major step in advanced semiconductor development. These centres have been set up by Renesas Electronics India Private Limited, placing India among a few nations working on next-generation chip design. The initiative is part of a broader government plan to build a complete semiconductor ecosystem including design, fabrication, ATMP (Assembly, Testing, Marking, and Packaging), and supply chain support.
3. Which organization developed the India’s High-Altitude Platform (HAP) prototype, a solar-powered, unmanned aircraft?
[A] National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL)
[B] Bharat Electronics Ltd (BEL)
[C] Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
[D] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL)]
Notes:
In a recent development, India’s High-Altitude Platform (HAP) prototype designed by National Aerospace Laboratories (NAL) successfully completed pre-monsoon flight tests with a certified autopilot system. A High-Altitude Platform (HAP) is an unmanned, solar-powered aircraft that flies in the stratosphere at 17 to 22 kilometers altitude. It serves as a middle layer between ground systems and satellites for continuous aerial services. It was developed by NAL, Bengaluru, under the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR). The Aeronautical Test Range (ATR) at Chitradurga, Karnataka supported its development. It is designed for border patrolling, surveillance in remote areas, and civil-military use. It can also act as a relay for telecommunications and weather monitoring.
4. Which four countries received WHO’s validation certificates in May 2025 for eliminating industrially produced trans fats?
[A] India, Norway, Oman, Brazil
[B] Norway, Singapore, Oman, Austria
[C] Thailand, South Africa, Oman, Austria
[D] China, Russia, Japan, India
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Norway, Singapore, Oman, Austria]
Notes:
On May 19, 2025, the World Health Organization (WHO) honoured Austria, Norway, Oman, and Singapore for eliminating industrially produced trans fats from their national food supply. The announcement was made at the 78th World Health Assembly in Geneva, Switzerland. Trans fats, also called trans-fatty acids (TFA), are harmful unsaturated fats linked to over 278,000 deaths each year. WHO launched the global goal in 2018 to eliminate trans fats by 2025, but progress remains slow. By May 2025, 60 countries had adopted best-practice policies, covering only 46% of the global population. India implemented such a policy in 2022 through the Food Safety and Standards (Prohibition and Restrictions on Sales) Second Amendment Regulations, 2021. India is among the leading Asian countries in enforcing best-practice policies, alongside Thailand.
5. AI Matryoshka is a multi-layered artificial intelligence ecosystem launched by which organization?
[A] Google
[B] Meta
[C] Microsoft
[D] Amazon
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Google]
Notes:
At the I/O Developers Conference 2025, Google launched its AI-first restructuring strategy called AI Matryoshka. AI Matryoshka is a multi-layered artificial intelligence ecosystem where Google’s core AI acts like the central brain, similar to a Matryoshka doll. It is built around Gemini 2.5 models and aims to change how users, developers, and enterprises interact with technology. This system powers everything from Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to user-facing apps. The goal is to deeply embed AI across all Google platforms and create smart, autonomous systems that respond in real time.
6. The Battery Aadhaar Initiative was launched under which government department at the Battery Summit 2025?
[A] Department of Renewable Energy
[B] Department of Science and Technology
[C] Department of Chemicals
[D] Department of Commerce
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Department of Science and Technology]
Notes:
Recently, the Battery Aadhaar Initiative was launched under the Department of Science and Technology (DST) at the Battery Summit 2025. Tata Elxsi showcased a technology demonstrator of Battery Aadhaar using its MOBIUS+ platform, which acts as a Digital Product Passport for batteries. Each battery pack will get a unique digital identity under this initiative. This helps track manufacturing origin, battery chemistry, safety certifications, and lifecycle performance. It allows monitoring of key parameters like charge-discharge cycles, enabling predictive maintenance and efficient recycling. The initiative also aims to prevent counterfeit batteries, increase consumer trust, and promote a circular economy.
7. What are Biostimulants, recently mentioned in news?
[A] Chemical pesticides used to kill insects on crops.
[B] Substances or microorganisms applied to plants or soil to stimulate natural processes
[C] Artificial hormones used to accelerate fruit ripening
[D] None of the Above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Substances or microorganisms applied to plants or soil to stimulate natural processes]
Notes:
The central government recently notified 34 biostimulants to boost their production and use in agriculture. Biostimulants are natural substances or microorganisms applied to plants or soil to enhance the plant’s natural growth and stress-resistance processes. They help reduce dependence on fertilizers by improving nutrient use efficiency, root growth, and resistance to drought, salinity, and extreme temperatures. In India, biostimulants are regulated under the Fertilizer (Control) Order, 1985.
8. Which institute has developed the metal-based nanozyme to treat Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE)?
[A] Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
[B] Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru
[C] All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi
[D] Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru]
Notes:
Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, recently developed a metal-based nanozyme to help control abnormal blood clotting caused by Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE). Pulmonary Thromboembolism is a condition where blood clots block arteries in the lungs, which can be life-threatening. Nanozymes are nanomaterials that act like enzymes and can be made from metals, metal oxides, or carbon-based substances. This new nanozyme could offer a promising treatment option by safely breaking down harmful clots.
9. KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino) experiment, which was seen in news, is located in which country?
[A] Russia
[B] Germany
[C] France
[D] India
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Germany]
Notes:
Recently, the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) Experiment in Germany closely studied the disintegration of molecular tritium to estimate the mass of neutrinos. The KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino) experiment, located in Karlsruhe, Germany, aims to find the absolute mass of neutrinos, which are among the most mysterious particles in the universe. This experiment marks a major step in understanding fundamental particle physics and the structure of the universe.
10. Which institution has launched the ‘Samarth’ Incubation Program to support startups in the Telecom and ICT sector?
[A] NITI Aayog
[B] Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited (BSNL)
[C] Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
[D] Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT)]
Notes:
The Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT) recently launched the ‘Samarth’ Incubation Program to support startups in the Telecom and Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector. C-DOT is an autonomous telecom research and development institution under the Department of Telecommunications (DoT), Government of India. The program offers financial grants, advanced technical resources, and expert guidance to help startups grow from idea stage to commercial success. It focuses on building sustainable and scalable business models.