1. Bayraktar TB2 is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) developed by which country?
[A] Israel
[B] Ukraine
[C] India
[D] Turkey
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Turkey]
Notes:
Turkey’s Bayraktar TB2 drones suffered a reputational setback after Pakistan’s Turkish-origin drones failed during Operation Sindoor. Bayraktar TB2 is a Turkish-made Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) tactical Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). It is designed for Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) and precision strike missions. It is Turkey’s first armed UAV developed domestically, showcasing its defence manufacturing capabilities.
2. Which ministry launched the Bharat Gen Multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) at the BharatGen Summit?
[A] Ministry of Science and Technology
[B] Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology
[C] Ministry of Finance
[D] Ministry of Commerce and Industry
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Ministry of Science and Technology]
Notes:
Union Minister of State (Independent Charge) for Science & Technology, Dr. Jitendra Singh launched Bharat Gen Multimodal Large Language Model (LLM) at the BharatGen Summit. BharatGen is India’s first government-funded, indigenously built Artificial Intelligence (AI) based Multimodal Large Language Model. It is developed under the National Mission on Interdisciplinary Cyber-Physical Systems (NM-ICPS) and implemented by the TIH Foundation for Internet of Things (IoT) and Internet of Everything (IoE) at the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay.
3. Which institute has developed the metal-based nanozyme to treat Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE)?
[A] Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay
[B] Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru
[C] All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Delhi
[D] Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru]
Notes:
Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru, recently developed a metal-based nanozyme to help control abnormal blood clotting caused by Pulmonary Thromboembolism (PTE). Pulmonary Thromboembolism is a condition where blood clots block arteries in the lungs, which can be life-threatening. Nanozymes are nanomaterials that act like enzymes and can be made from metals, metal oxides, or carbon-based substances. This new nanozyme could offer a promising treatment option by safely breaking down harmful clots.
4. What is “Fusarium graminearum” that was recently seen in news?
[A] Ascomycete fungus
[B] Newly discovered species of fish
[C] Traditional medicine
[D] Critical Mineral
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Ascomycete fungus]
Notes:
Recently, two Chinese nationals were charged in the United States for allegedly smuggling Fusarium graminearum, an agricultural pathogen, into the country. Fusarium graminearum is an ascomycete fungus that causes Fusarium Head Blight (FHB), which affects crops like wheat, maize, barley, oats, and rice. It produces a toxin called Vomitoxin or Deoxynivalenol, which is harmful to both humans and animals. This fungus reduces crop yield and quality while contaminating grains with toxic mycotoxins. This incident raises concerns about agro-terrorism, which is the deliberate use of plant pathogens or pests to attack agriculture and create economic loss, food insecurity, and public fear.
5. KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino) experiment, which was seen in news, is located in which country?
[A] Russia
[B] Germany
[C] France
[D] India
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Germany]
Notes:
Recently, the Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino (KATRIN) Experiment in Germany closely studied the disintegration of molecular tritium to estimate the mass of neutrinos. The KATRIN (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino) experiment, located in Karlsruhe, Germany, aims to find the absolute mass of neutrinos, which are among the most mysterious particles in the universe. This experiment marks a major step in understanding fundamental particle physics and the structure of the universe.
6. Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) telescope is located in which country?
[A] Brazil
[B] Peru
[C] Chile
[D] Colombia
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Chile]
Notes:
Scientists using the Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) telescope have detected a faint 13-billion-year-old microwave signal. The Cosmology Large Angular Scale Surveyor (CLASS) telescope is located in Chile’s Atacama Desert. The signal comes from the Cosmic Dawn, the era when the first stars, black holes, and galaxies formed. Cosmic Dawn occurred between 50 million and one billion years after the Big Bang. This discovery helps scientists understand how early stars affected the universe’s structure and temperature. The recent detection gives valuable clues about the universe’s formation and the role of early cosmic objects.
7. Which two Indian institutions recently demonstrated quantum communication over 1 km in free space?
[A] Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) and Bhabha Atomic Research Centre (BARC)
[B] Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
[C] Indian Institute of Science Bangalore (IISc) and Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
[D] National Institute of Technology (NIT) Trichy and Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)]
Notes:
Recently, the Ministry of Defence announced that scientists from the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi and the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) successfully demonstrated quantum communication over more than 1 km in free space. Quantum communication is a super secure method of sending information using tiny particles like photons. It uses principles of quantum physics, especially entanglement, to make communication channels tamper-proof. If someone tries to intercept the photons, the disturbance will be detected, revealing the breach. This makes quantum communication highly valuable for defence and national security.
8. Vera C. Rubin Observatory is located in which country?
[A] Chile
[B] India
[C] Australia
[D] New Zealand
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Chile]
Notes:
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory has already discovered over 2,100 new asteroids before officially starting operations. Vera C. Rubin Observatory is located in Chile. It is designed to scan the night sky repeatedly and is expected to find millions of unknown space objects. The observatory can help track dangerous asteroids that may collide with Earth, enhancing planetary defense. Some asteroids found have comet-like tails, and it might even spot interstellar objects from outside our solar system. It may also discover Planet Nine, a mystery planet far beyond known planets.
9. What is “Myogenesis” that was recently mentioned in news?
[A] Formation and development of muscle fibers
[B] Newly discovered species of Fish
[C] Traditional medicine
[D] Formation of nerve cells
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Formation and development of muscle fibers]
Notes:
Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla recently launched path-breaking Myogenesis experiments on the International Space Station (ISS), showing India’s progress in space research. Myogenesis is the process of forming muscle fibers. It is a complex and controlled process important for developing and maintaining skeletal muscle tissue. Myogenesis helps build body muscles that support movement, posture, and metabolism. It happens through the transformation of precursor cells called myoblasts into multinucleated muscle fibers. Studying myogenesis helps understand muscle diseases and develop therapies.
10. Which country has recently launched a climate monitoring satellite on its H-2A rocket?
[A] France
[B] Japan
[C] China
[D] India
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Japan]
Notes:
Recently, Japan successfully launched a climate monitoring satellite on its H-2A rocket, which made its final flight before retiring. The H-2A lifted off from Tanegashima Space Center carrying the Global Observing Satellite for Greenhouse gases and Water cycle (GOSAT-GW) to track carbon, methane, and water cycles. The launch faced delays due to electrical issues but succeeded, marking the 50th mission of H-2A since 2001 with a 98% success rate. GOSAT-GW will soon share high-resolution data globally, including with the United States National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).