1. Which country has discovered a new species of bacteria named Niallia tiangongensis?
[A] Russia
[B] China
[C] Japan
[D] India
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [China]
Notes:
Chinese scientists recently discovered a new species of bacteria named Niallia tiangongensis aboard the Tiangong Space Station. The Tiangong Space Station, meaning ‘Sky Palace’, is a Chinese-owned and permanently crewed space station in Low Earth Orbit (LEO). It is the final phase of China’s Manned Space Program, developed after earlier missions Tiangong-1 and Tiangong-2. The first module, Tianhe, was launched in April 2021 and connects two science modules, Wentian and Mengtian, with a planned space telescope called Xuntian.
2. What kind of condition is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), that was recently seen in news?
[A] Infectious disease
[B] Neurodevelopmental condition
[C] Cardiovascular disorder
[D] Autoimmune disorder
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Neurodevelopmental condition]
Notes:
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), autism now affects 1 in 31 children in the United States as of 2022, up from 1 in 36 in 2020. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects brain development, causing challenges in communication, social skills, behaviour, and learning. Symptoms usually appear before age 3, but diagnosis may be delayed due to low awareness. Individuals with ASD may show repetitive actions, limited interests, and unique learning or movement styles. ASD results from both genetic and environmental factors, with genetics playing a major role. No evidence links vaccines to autism, and such claims are false and harmful.
3. Which aerospace company successfully test-fired India’s first electric motor-driven semi-cryogenic engine?
[A] Dhruva Space
[B] Agnikul
[C] Skyroot Aerospace
[D] Digantra
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Agnikul]
Notes:
On May 23, 2025, Chennai-based startup Agnikul Cosmos successfully test-fired India’s first electric motor-driven semi-cryogenic engine. This marks a major step for private players in advancing Indian space technology. The engine uses electric motors instead of traditional gas generators to power fuel pumps, allowing precise thrust control and quick response. It runs on semi-cryogenic propulsion using liquid oxygen (LOX) and refined kerosene, balancing performance and cost. This innovation boosts engine reliability and suits future sub-orbital missions.
4. e-Raktkosh is an online blood bank management system implemented under which mission?
[A] National Ayush Mission
[B] Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram
[C] National Health Mission
[D] Ayushman Bharat
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [National Health Mission ]
Notes:
Recently, the Union Health Ministry announced plans to integrate India’s Rare Donor Registry with the national online blood management platform called e-Rakt Kosh. e-Rakt Kosh is an online blood bank management system implemented under the National Health Mission. It is the official portal for all blood-related services in India. It provides real-time information on blood availability, blood banks, and donation camps across the country.
5. Which institute has developed the new AI-powered, sunlight- and vibration-based water purification system?
[A] Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru
[B] Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Delhi
[C] Institute of Nanoscience and Technology (INST), Mohali
[D] National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Nagpur
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Institute of Nanoscience and Technology (INST), Mohali]
Notes:
Recently, the Ministry of Science and Technology announced that researchers at the Institute of Nanoscience and Technology (INST), Mohali, have developed a smart water filter using sunlight, gentle vibrations, and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The innovation addresses pollution caused by industrial wastewater containing harmful dyes like Methylene Blue and Congo Red, which threaten human health and ecosystems. This method ensures continuous purification, even on cloudy days, making it a smart alternative to traditional solar-powered filters.
6. What is the name of the space mission piloted by India’s Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla?
[A] Axiom-4 mission
[B] Artemis-3
[C] Gaganyaan-1
[D] Dragonfly
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Axiom-4 mission]
Notes:
Recently, India’s Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla made history by piloting the Axiom-4 mission aboard SpaceX’s Dragon capsule from Kennedy Space Center, Florida. He became the first Indian in 41 years to cross the Kármán line after Rakesh Sharma’s spaceflight in 1984. Prime Minister Narendra Modi congratulated Shukla and called him the first Indian en route to the International Space Station (ISS). This marks a major milestone for India in human spaceflight and international space collaboration.
7. GLP-1 Drug, that was recently seen in news, is used for the treatment of which disease?
[A] Malnutrition
[B] Dengue
[C] Diarrhea
[D] Obesity
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Obesity]
Notes:
Recently, Novo Nordisk launched its weight-loss injection semaglutide in India after Eli Lilly introduced tirzepatide. These are Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists, which are drugs that copy the action of GLP-1, a gut hormone released after eating. GLP-1 helps control blood sugar, fat metabolism, and appetite in the body. These medicines usually come as injections, though oral forms are being developed. Semaglutide and tirzepatide are two leading GLP-1 Drugs. Semaglutide and tirzepatide transforming the treatment of obesity and diabetes in India.
8. Which crop is mainly affected by the black-headed caterpillar (Opisina arenosella)?
[A] Coconut
[B] Coffee
[C] Arecanut
[D] Banana
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Coconut]
Notes:
Recently, the Chief Minister of Karnataka asked the Horticulture Department for a report on the threat of black-headed caterpillar (Opisina arenosella) disease harming coconut plantations. This pest damages coconut trees in both coastal and inland areas by eating leaf green parts from silken galleries, lowering photosynthesis. It attacks coconuts of all ages, leaving dried patches on lower leaves while only a few young leaves stay green. The pest spreads quickly by wind and peaks in summer.
9. What kind of disease is “Trachoma” that was recently mentioned in Mann Ki Baat programme?
[A] Blood infection
[B] Cardiovascular disease
[C] Bacterial eye disease
[D] Respiratory disease
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Bacterial eye disease]
Notes:
Recently, in the ‘Mann Ki Baat’ programme, the Prime Minister of India announced that India has been declared free of Trachoma, a bacterial eye disease. Trachoma is caused by the bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis and spreads through contact with the eyes, eyelids, or throat secretions of infected people. The World Health Organization (WHO) calls it a neglected tropical disease, affecting around 150 million people worldwide. In 2017, India was declared free from infective Trachoma, with surveillance continuing until 2024.
10. Which country has launched the Synthetic Human Genome Project (SynHG), aiming to construct human DNA from scratch?
[A] France
[B] United Kingdom
[C] Australia
[D] Japan
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [United Kingdom]
Notes:
The United Kingdom has officially launched the Synthetic Human Genome Project, a groundbreaking effort to build human DNA from scratch. This project shifts from reading DNA, like in the Human Genome Project, to writing and assembling it synthetically. Scientists aim to create disease-resistant cells to repair damaged organs such as the heart, liver, and immune system. It could help treat genetic and age-related diseases by studying how genes control repair and development.
Critics warn about ethical concerns like designer humans and synthetic life.