1. What is the rank of India in terms of the total number of satellites in orbit?
[A] Third
[B] Fifth
[C] Sixth
[D] Seventh
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Seventh]
Notes:
Recently, Orbiting Now reported about 12,952 satellites are orbiting Earth, with 145 launched in 2025 so far. These satellites operate in Geostationary Orbit (GEO), Medium Earth Orbit (MEO), and Low Earth Orbit (LEO). The United States ranks first with 8,530 satellites. Russia ranks second with 1,559 satellites. China is third with 906 satellites. India ranks seventh with 136 satellites, including 22 in LEO and 32 in GEO, plus deep space missions like Chandrayaan-2 Orbiter and Aditya-L1. India plans to add 100-150 new satellites in three years for navigation, communication, observation, and national security.
2. SAKSHAM-3000 is a high-capacity switch-router developed by which organization?
[A] Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL)
[B] Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT)
[C] Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL)
[D] Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO)
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT)]
Notes:
Recently, the Minister of State for Communications and Rural Development launched the high-capacity SAKSHAM-3000 to boost self-reliance and global competitiveness. SAKSHAM-3000 is a compact 25.6 Terabits per second (Tbps) switch-router developed by Centre for Development of Telematics (C-DOT). It is built for modern data centres, large enterprises, telecom operators, and hyperscale data centres. It has ultra-low latency, wire-speed processing, and uses the modular C-DOT Router Operating System (CROS).
3. Which organization has launched the “3 by 35” Initiative to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs)?
[A] United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
[B] Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
[C] World Health Organization (WHO)
[D] None of the Above
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [World Health Organization (WHO)]
Notes:
Recently, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the “3 by 35” Initiative to tackle non-communicable diseases (NCDs). It urges countries to raise taxes on tobacco, alcohol, and sugary drinks to achieve at least a 50% real price increase by 2035. NCDs like heart disease, cancer, and diabetes cause over 75% of global deaths. Higher taxes could prevent 50 million premature deaths over 50 years and generate USD 1 trillion in public revenue in the next decade. Between 2012 and 2022, around 140 countries already raised tobacco taxes, showing large-scale change is achievable.
4. Which species is the natural host of “Nipah Virus” that was recently reported in Kerala?
[A] Ant
[B] Fruit bat
[C] Mosquito
[D] Housefly
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Fruit bat]
Notes:
Recently, the Kerala Health Minister confirmed 425 people are on the Nipah virus contact list across the state. Nipah Virus (NiV) is an emerging zoonotic virus spreading from animals to humans. It can also spread through contaminated food or directly from person to person. Fruit bats from the Pteropodidae family are its natural hosts. NiV infection can be without symptoms, mild, or cause serious breathing illness and deadly brain swelling.
5. Which ministry has launched the “Kalaa Setu – Real-Time Language Tech for Bharat” Challenge?
[A] Ministry of Information and Broadcasting
[B] Ministry of Finance
[C] Ministry of Science and Technology
[D] Ministry of Home Affairs
Show Answer
Correct Answer: A [Ministry of Information and Broadcasting]
Notes:
In July 2025, the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting launched the “Kalaa Setu – Real-Time Language Tech for Bharat” Challenge. It was introduced through the WaveX Startup Accelerator Platform to promote Artificial Intelligence (AI) for inclusive communication. The challenge invites top AI startups to create scalable tools that convert text into audio, video, and graphic content. These tools must support multiple Indian languages for real-time information delivery. The goal is to help government bodies communicate using regionally relevant formats like infographics, video explainers, and audio capsules.
6. Which organization has introduced BioEmu, an advanced AI system for simulating protein motion to accelerate drug discovery?
[A] Google
[B] Mirosoft
[C] World Health Organization
[D] World Bank
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [Mirosoft]
Notes:
Recently, Microsoft introduced BioEmu, an advanced Artificial Intelligence (AI) system for simulating protein motion to accelerate drug discovery. The system is officially named Biomolecular Emulator-1 (BioEmu-1). BioEmu-1 is a deep learning model that can generate thousands of protein structures per hour using a single Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Proteins are vital for biological processes like muscle formation and disease protection. Earlier, predicting protein structures from amino acid sequences was difficult. BioEmu-1 offers deeper insights into protein behavior, which is crucial for developing effective medicines.
7. Shinkansen is the name of which country’s high-speed bullet train system?
[A] China
[B] France
[C] Germany
[D] Japan
Show Answer
Correct Answer: D [Japan]
Notes:
Next generation E10 Shinkansen bullet trains will be introduced simultaneously in India and Japan. In India, they will operate on the 508 km Mumbai-Ahmedabad Bullet Train Project. Shinkansen is Japan’s high-speed bullet train known for its safety, speed, and reliability. It is the world’s safest high-speed transport system with high volume and frequency.
8. Aspergillosis disease, that was recently seen in news, is caused by which agent?
[A] Bacteria
[B] Virus
[C] Fungus
[D] Protozoa
Show Answer
Correct Answer: C [Fungus]
Notes:
Recently, the blue rock pigeon, also called Columba livia, has been linked to concerns over spreading aspergillosis disease. Aspergillosis is an infection caused by Aspergillus, a mold genus with many species. The main infection-causing species is fungus “Aspergillus fumigatus”, which releases tiny airborne spores. These spores can cause respiratory illness when inhaled in large amounts, especially in people with weak immunity or lung issues. Aspergillosis is not contagious and doesn’t spread between people.
9. What is Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI), that was recently seen in news?
[A] A condition that affects the lung
[B] A condition where veins in the legs cannot properly send blood back to the heart
[C] A condition that affects the lungs
[D] A kidney malfunction affects Blood pressure
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [A condition where veins in the legs cannot properly send blood back to the heart]
Notes:
Former U.S. President Donald Trump was recently diagnosed with Chronic Venous Insufficiency (CVI). CVI is a condition where leg veins cannot efficiently return blood to the heart, causing blood to pool in the legs. Normally, vein valves help blood flow upward, but in CVI, these valves don’t function properly. It can lead to symptoms like leg pain, swelling, cramps, skin changes, varicose veins, and leg ulcers. CVI is more common in people who are overweight, pregnant, have a family history, or had leg injuries, surgery, or blood clots.
10. Which institute has developed a sustainable method to produce hydrogen peroxide using sunlight and water?
[A] Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bengaluru
[B] S. N. Bose Centre for Basic Sciences (SNBCBS), Kolkata
[C] National Chemical Laboratory (NCL), Pune
[D] Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research (JNCASR), Bengaluru
Show Answer
Correct Answer: B [S. N. Bose Centre for Basic Sciences (SNBCBS), Kolkata]
Notes:
Researchers at the S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences (SNBNCBS) have developed a sustainable method to produce hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) using sunlight and water. The process uses a special material called Mo-DHTA COF, short for dimolybdenum paddlewheel-embedded covalent organic framework. It acts like a solar-powered molecular factory, absorbing sunlight and converting water and oxygen into hydrogen peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is an eco-friendly chemical used in sterilization, wound cleaning, wastewater treatment, and fuel cells.