Indian Polity & Constitution MCQs

Notes:
The Twelfth Amendment incorporated Goa, Daman and Diu as a new Union Territory by amending the First Schedule. India had acquired these territories from Portugal in December 1961. It also enabled the President to make regulations for the administration of the new territory. The Amendment retroactively came into effect on 20 December 1961, after Portugal surrendered. In 1987, Goa became India’s 25th state while Daman and Diu remained a Union Territory.

Notes:
The Riksdag is the national legislature and the supreme decision-making body of the government of Sweden.

Notes:
Five current states viz. Goa, Himachal Pradesh, Manipur, Tripura and Mizoram were union territories before becoming full-fledged states. Goa became state in 1987, Himachal Pradesh in 1971, Manipur and Tripura in 1972 and Mizoram became state in 1987.
Sikkim had become a Protectorate in 1974 and it was given full statehood in 1974 under 35th amendment. Jammu & Kashmir is the only state in India which has been converted to two two Union Territories.

Notes:
The State Reorganization Act of 1956 divided the country in 5 Zones. The state of Rajasthan was placed in the Northern Zone.

Notes:
The establishment of LokPal in India was recommended by the Administrative Reforms Commission (1966) on the lines of Ombudsman in Finland, Denmark and Norway.

Notes:
Indian Society of Labour Economics was founded in 1957 by a distinguished group of academicians and public men engaged in promoting the study of labour and industrial relations. The group was headed by the ex-President of India Shri V.V. Giri and comprised of some of the biggest names in academia.

Notes:
The legislative assembly may decide if the state should have or should not have the legislative council and may pass a resolution to that effect. However, abolition and creation of the legislative council is done by Parliament by legislation.

Notes:
According to the article 72 of Indian Constitution, the president shall have the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence.

Notes:
As the whole process of Budget beginning with its presentation and ending with discussion and voting of demands for grants and passing of Appropriation Bill and Finance Bill generally goes beyond the current financial year, a provision has been made in the Constitution empowering the Lok Sabha to make any grant in advance through a vote on account to enable the Government to carry on until the voting of demands for grants and the passing of the Appropriation Bill and Finance Bill. Normally, the vote on account is taken for two months for a sum equivalent to one sixth of the estimated expenditure for the entire year under various demands for grants. During an election year, the vote on account may be taken for a longer period say, 3 to 4 months if it is anticipated that the main demands and the Appropriation Bill will take longer than two months to be passed by the House. As a convention vote on account is treated as a formal matter and passed by Lok Sabha without discussion. Vote on account is passed by Lok Sabha after the general discussion on the Budget (General and Railway) is over and before the discussion on demands for grants is taken up.

Notes:
The Panchayat Raj system exists in all the states except Nagaland, Meghalaya and Mizoram and in all the Union territories except Delhi.