Indian Culture MCQs

Notes:
Fautuhat-i-Ferozshahi was authored by Sultan Feroz Shah Tughlaq himself. He was a Turkic Muslim ruler of the Tughlaq Dynasty, who reigned over the Sultanate of Delhi from 1351 to 1388 A.D.

Notes:
The Abhidhamma Pitaka is a collection of canonical texts in the Theravada Buddhist tradition. Together with the Vinaya Piṭaka and the Sutta Piṭaka it is the Tipiṭaka. It has detailed analysis of the basic natural principles that govern mental and physical processes.

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Hemis Gompa located in the Ladakh Region and is in the tentative list of World Heritage Sites.Hemis gompa is believed to have been established in 1630 by Lama Tagstang Raspa

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Shuddadvaita philosophy is given by Vallabhacharya (1479-1531 CE). It is the “purely non-dual” philosophy. Vallabhacharya is founding philosopher and guru of the Vallabha sampradaya, a Hindu Vaishnava tradition focused on the worship of Krishna.

Notes:
The doctrine of Advaita, or non-dualism, was advocated by Adi Shankaracharya. The doctrine states that there is no difference between the individual soul and Brahman, or the Supreme God. Shankara believed that the soul merges with Brahman and that liberation is achieved through self-realization.
Shankara was born in Kerala in the eighth century. He was a prominent Hindu philosopher who started a Hindu revivalist movement in the ninth century. However, his doctrines were too abstract for the general public to understand.
Advaita is a school of Hinduism. All Vedanta schools state that Brahman is both the efficient and material cause of all existence.

Notes:
First option is the correct answer. The harmika is the top railing of stupa.

Notes:
"Pari-khanda" is a fighting form created by Rajputs and is still practised in many parts of Bihar. "Pari" means shield and "khanda" means sword.

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Kolayat fair is annually held on Kartik Purnima tithi, or the full moon day, in Kartik month as per traditional Hindu lunar calendar in Rajasthan. The fair is held on the banks of a lake located at Kolayat near Bikaner in Rajasthan. 

Notes:
The Amman and Kalyana Mandapam are regarded as essential components of temple architecture within the Vijayanagara Empire. This empire, founded in 1336 AD by Harihara and Bukka, is characterized by distinctive architectural features:

• Kalyana Mandapam: This is a square, elevated platform enclosed by intricately adorned pillars. It served as the site for ceremonies symbolizing the marriage between the temple’s deity and their consort.
• Amman Shrine: A subsidiary shrine dedicated to the consort of a male deity.
• Raya Gopurams: These are imposing gateways.
• Garbhagriha: The central sanctum of a temple.
• Pillared Halls: Halls featuring elaborately decorated pillars.
• High Towers: Prominent spires.
• Wide Marriage Halls: Expansive halls used for marriage ceremonies.
• Meeting Halls: Spaces for gatherings.
• Spring Pavilions: Pavilion-like structures.

The Vijayanagara Empire drew inspiration from earlier empires, including the Hoysala, Chola, and Chalukya, amalgamating these influences to create a distinctive and unique architectural style.

Notes:
Sanjukta Panigrahi was a dancer from India, who was the foremost exponent of Indian classical dance Odissi. Sanjukta was the first Odia woman to embrace this ancient classical dance at an early age and ensure its grand revival.