General Science Questions (MCQs) for Competitive Examinations

Notes:
Alfred Bernhard Nobel was a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, businessman, and philanthropist. Atomic number 102 was named after him.

Notes:
The chief cells of the stomach secrete enzymes for protein breakdown (inactive pepsinogen and rennin). Hydrochloric acid activates pepsinogen into the enzyme pepsin, which then helps digestion by breaking the bonds linking amino acids, a process known as proteolysis.

Notes:
Lysosomes are called the suicide bags of the cells they contain digestive enzymes, and break down food, cellular debris and foreign invaders like bacteria. When the cell is injured beyond repair, or becomes old, the lysosome digests the cell. So, it is called “suicide bag of the cell.”

Notes:
Milk is a poor source of ascorbic acid (Vitamin C). It contains about 1 mg ascorbate per 100 g. Even the little Vitamin C is usually destroyed when the milk is heat treated. Milk as a complete food contains most of the esential nutrients except are vitamin C and iron.

Notes:
Taenia is a genus of tapeworm that includes some important parasites of livestock. Members of the genus are responsible for taeniasis and cysticercosis in humans. There are more than 100 species recorded. They are morphologically characterized by a ribbon-like body composed of a series of segments called proglottids with proximal mouth called scolex.

Notes:
Typhoid fever, also known as typhoid, is a common water borne worldwide bacterial disease, transmitted by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person, which contain the bacterium Salmonella Typhi.

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Composting is the depomposition of plant remains and other once-living materials to make an earthy, dark, crumbly substance that is excellent for enriching soil. It is the chief way to recycle wastes.

Notes:
The pore is bordered by a pair of specialized parenchyma cells known as guard cells that are responsible for regulating the size of the opening. Guard cells are specialized cells in the epidermis of leaves, stems and other organs that are used to control gaseous exchange and rate of transpiration.

Notes:
The small intestine, the part of the gastrointestinal tract between the stomach and the large intestine, is the main digester and absorber of food. The small intestine has three distinct regions – the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum–that carry out the absorption of nutrients and minerals from food. It converts the food into a semi-solid mass.

Notes:
The urinary bladder is a hollow muscular organ that collects and stores urine from the kidneys before disposal by urination. In humans, the bladder is a hollow muscular organ situated at the base of the pelvis. Urine enters the bladder via the ureters and exits via the urethra.