Chemistry MCQs

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Reinforced Glass or Toughened glass or tempered glass is a kind of safety glass is used as s a component of bulletproof glass, for diving masks, and various types of plates and cookware.

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Galena and litharge are ores of lead. Galena is the most common ore of lead. It is the natural mineral form of lead (II) sulphid. Litharge is a secondary mineral that forms from the oxidation of galena ores. It is one of the natural mineral forms of Lead(II) oxide.

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Adsorption, the binding of gas or liquid particles to a solid surface, is often used in chromatography – a laboratory technique for the separation of a mixture. This process is critical as it allows the separation of the compounds in the mixture, thereby enabling further analysis or purification. Apart from chromatography, adsorption is also used in scrubbers and purification of solids and liquids.

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Zinc oxide (ZnO) can undergo a chemical reaction depending on the pH of the solution. In acidic conditions, it can react to form zinc ions (Zn²⁺), while in alkaline conditions, it can form zincates. This behavior is due to its amphoteric nature, which allows it to react with both acids and bases. In contrast, calcium oxide (CaO) is basic, ferric oxide (Fe₂O₃) is generally inert in neutral pH, and ferrous oxide (FeO) is less reactive in varying pH levels.

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Carbamide is another name of Urea, an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH₂)₂. This name indicates that Urea is an amide in which two –NH₂ groups are joined by a carbonyl (C=O) functional group.

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The Haber Process is an industrial method for synthesizing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen gases. Developed by Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch in the early 20th century, it operates under high pressure and temperature, using an iron catalyst. Ammonia produced is crucial for fertilizers, supporting global agriculture. The process importantly increased food production, earning Haber the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1918.

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The adsorption of hydrogen by palladium is called occlusion. Occlusion is a type of adsorption where gases are adsorbed onto metals. The hydrogen adsorbed onto palladium is called occluded hydrogen.
Palladium can absorb about 900 times its own volume of hydrogen. The hydrogen that is adsorbed is more active than normal hydrogen.
The adsorption of hydrogen on palladium occurs through a hydride formation. The chemical bonds that are formed cannot be broken easily to release the hydrogen gas from the surface of the metal.
The process of occlusion is used to purify hydrogen.

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Crude oil with high amount of Sulphur is termed as sour and with less Sulphur is called the sweet grade. Sour grade crude requires extra processing cost.

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Sodium carbonate is generally prepared by Solvay Process.

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Carbon exhibits many allotropic forms; both crystalline as well as amorphous. Diamond and graphite are two well-known crystalline forms of carbon. In 1985, third form of carbon known as fullerenes was discovered.