Chemistry MCQs

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Sodium thiosulfate is an important inorganic salt with several medical uses. It is also called sodium hyposulfite or ‘hypo’. It is used in several pharmaceutical preparations and also has various medical properties. 

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Cobalt Oxide is commonly used to create a distinctive blue hue in glasses and ceramics. The depth of the blue can be altered by changing the concentration of the oxide. In addition to being used for aesthetic purposes, Cobalt blue, which results from Cobalt Oxide, is also used because it absorbs certain wavelengths of light, making it useful for filtering out unwanted wavelengths.

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Vapor pressure of water increases as its temperature rises. At 25°C, water’s vapor pressure is approximately 23.8 mmHg, while at 100°C it reaches 760 mmHg. When a liquid is heated, kinetic energy of molecules grows, allowing more to escape as vapor and thus increasing vapor pressure.

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Charles Goodyear, American inventor of the vulcanization process that made possible the commercial use of rubber. The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company was posthumously named after him.

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Chile saltpetre, or sodium nitrate (NaNO3), differs from regular saltpetre, which typically refers to potassium nitrate (KNO3). Chile saltpetre is primarily composed of sodium, while traditional saltpetre contains potassium. Historically, Chile saltpetre was extensively mined in the Atacama Desert and was crucial for fertilizer and explosives in the 19th century.

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Ground Level Ozone results from photochemical reactions between oxides of nitrogen (NO_x) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight.

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Carbon monoxide is colourless, odourless, and tasteless, but highly toxic because it combines with haemoglobin to produce carboxyhemoglobin, which usurps the space in haemoglobin that normally carries oxygen, but is ineffective for delivering oxygen to bodily tissues. Concentrations as low as 667 ppm may cause up to 50% of the body’s hemoglobin to convert to carboxyhemoglobin. The impact is irreversible and that is why that even after available of oxygen, the carboxyhemoglobin does not allow the Oxygen to be taken up.

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The alkaline earth metals have low ionization enthalpies due to fairly large size of the atoms. Since the atomic size increases down the group, their ionization enthalpy decreases.

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Calcium carbonate is used as a building material in the form of marble and in the manufacture of quick lime. Calcium carbonate is also used in the manufacture of high quality paper. It finds its use as an antacid, mild abrasive in tooth paste, a constituent of chewing gum, and a filler in cosmetics.

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Hydraulic Washing is a method used for concentration of ores. It is a type of gravity separation as it is based on the differences in gravities of the ore and the gangue particles.