Biology MCQs

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White blood cells (WBCs), also called leukocytes or leucocytes, are the cells of the immune system that are involved in protecting the body against both infectious disease and foreign invaders. All white blood cells are produced and derived from multipotent cells in the bone marrow known as hematopoietic stem cells.

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The edible part of ‘cabbage’ is the vegetative bud. Vegetative buds are the buds from which vegetative parts like stems and leaves arise, rather than flowers.

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Chlorophyll, the photosynthetic pigment that gives plants their green color, is present in Algae, Ferns and Mosses, thus enabling them to convert sunlight to chemical energy through photosynthesis. Although fungi are a group of organisms often thought to be plants, they lack chlorophyll, and hence, they are non-photosynthetic, surviving instead on organic matter.

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George W. Beadle (1903-1989) and Edward L. Tatum (1909-1975) show how genes direct the synthesis of enzymes that control metabolic processes. George Beadle and Edward Tatum were awarded Nobel Prize in 1958 for One Gene One Enzyme Concept.

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Hodophobia is the fear of travel. It is also referred to as travel phobia or fear of travel. Acute anxiety which is provoked by travel can be treated with anti-anxiety medication.

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Pigeons have become useful bioindicators for lead pollution due to their widespread presence in cities and their ability to accumulate and retain heavy metals, including lead, in their tissues. Researchers have found that the feathers, blood, and tissues of pigeons can provide valuable information about the levels of lead exposure in the environment.

Lead pollution in cities can come from various sources, including lead-based paints, industrial emissions, and traffic-related sources. Pigeons, being urban birds, are exposed to these sources and can accumulate lead over time. By studying lead levels in pigeon populations, scientists can gain insights into the extent of lead pollution in a city and assess its potential risks to both wildlife and humans.

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Organisms in the class Mammalia all have milk producing mammary glands; cells with a membrane-bounded nucleus and a dorsal hollow nerve cord. Chitin in Cell Walls is the feature of Kingdom fungi.

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Charles Robert Darwin gave the theory of evolution in his book “The Origin of Species”. The theory proposed by him is known as “The Theory of Natural Selection”.

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DPT is a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus. The vaccine components include diphtheria and tetanus and killed whole cells of the bacterium that causes pertussis. Diptheria is a highly contagious bacterial infection typically affecting the throat and tonsils with the formation of a thick grey membrane over those areas.   Tetanus is bacteria which lives in soil and contaminates wounds, where it produces a powerful toxin, the toxin attacks the nervous system causing increasing muscle spasm and rigidity. Whooping Cough is one of the most contagious bacterial infections known. Beginning with a runny nose and sore throat, it progresses to a severe spasmodic cough which persists for around 3 months.

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Pasteurization is the process of heating milk up and then quickly cooling it down to eliminate certain bacteria and all other microorganisms. More common is heating milk up to at least 161.6 degrees Fahrenheit for 15 seconds. There are following methods that are most commonly used:
• High Temperature, Short Time (HTST) method – This method requires that the milk be held at 161 degrees for 16 seconds.
• Ultra-Pasteurization (UP) – This is the type of pasteurization that you will most commonly see on cartons of milk, half-and-half and heavy cream.