Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
A greenhouse gas is a gas in an atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiation within the thermal infrared range. The primary greenhouse gases in Earth’s atmosphere are water vapour, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and ozone. Nitrogen oxides (NOx) act as indirect greenhouse gases by producing the tropospheric greenhouse gas ‘ozone’ via photochemical reactions in the atmosphere.

Notes:
The Anamalai Tiger Reserve, which is earlier known as Indira Gandhi Wildlife Sanctuary and National Park (IGWLS&NP), is located in the Anaimalai Hills of Pollachi, Valparai and Udumalpet taluks of Coimbatore District and Tiruppur District, Tamil Nadu. It is home to golden jackal, leopard cat, jungle cat, spotted deer, barking deer, mouse deer, wild boar, common langur, bonnet macaque, Asian palm civet, etc. It is also home to 15 of 16 species of birds endemic to the Western Ghats. Over 250 species of birds have been identified in the park such as cormorants, ducks, teal, darter, partridge, quail, etc.

Notes:
The Jessore Sloth Bear Sanctuary is located in the Banaskantha district of Gujarat at the Gujarat-Rajasthan border and covers an area of about 180 square kilometres. It is home to grey jungle fowl, white-bellied minivet, Indian black ibis, etc. The sanctuary is principally for protection of the sloth bear.

Notes:
Jim Corbett National Park, formerly known as Hailey National Park is the oldest National Park of India. It was established in the year 1936 to protect the endangered Bengal tiger. It was the first to come under the Project Tiger conservation programme which was launched in April 1973.

Notes:
Nacre also known as mother of pearl, is an organic-inorganic composite material produced by some mollusks as an inner shell layer; it is also what makes up the outer coating of pearls. It is strong, resilient, and iridescent.

Notes:
Bhitarkanika National Park is located in Kendrapara district of Odisha. In 2002, it obtained the status of a Ramsar site. It is home to the king cobra, saltwater crocodile, Indian python, darters and many other flora and fauna.

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Royal Manas National Park is the oldest National Park of Bhutan. It is close to India’s Manas National Park in Assam.

Notes:
Shale gas is natural gas that is found in shale formations. It has become a significant source of natural gas. It is becoming more and more popular in today’s Global Gas Exploration Market, because of its abundance.

Notes:
Silent Valley National Park also known as “Sairandhri Vanam” is located in the state of Kerala and is located in the Nilgiri hills. It is home to the lion-tailed macaques, an endangered species of primate. In 1973, “Save Silent Valley” campaign (environmental movement) was initiated when the Kerala State Electricity Board declared to implement the Silent Valley Hydro-Electric Project.

Notes:
CITES, also known as Washington Convention, is a multilateral treaty to protect the endangered plants and animals. It was drafted in 1963 at a meeting of members of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. The convention was opened for signature in 1973 and came into force in 1975.