Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The Jaldapara National Park (JNP) is located at the foothills of the Eastern Himalayas in Alipurduar District of northern West Bengal and on the banks of the Torsa River. It is home to Indian leopard, Indian elephants, sambar, barking deer, spotted deer, hog deer, wild boars, gaur, etc. Jaldapara is a paradise for bird watchers. It is one of the very few places in India, where the Bengal florican is sighted. The other birds to be found here are the crested eagle, Pallas’s fish eagle, shikra, Finn’s weaver, jungle fowl, peafowl (peacock), partridge, and lesser pied hornbill. Pythons, monitor lizards, kraits, cobras, geckos, and about eight species of fresh water turtles can also be found here.

Notes:
Primary pollutants are directly emitted from the sources. Examples of primary pollutants are carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and benzene etc. Secondary pollutants are not emitted directly. They are formed from the combination of primary pollutants with some other compound. Examples of secondary pollutants are Ozone, Formaldehyde, PAN (peroxy acetyl nitrate) and Smog etc.

Notes:
Kudremukh National Park is located in the state of Karnataka (Chikkamagaluru district). It is abundant in tropical wet evergreen type of forest. The park is a part of the Global Tiger Conservation Priority-I.

Notes:
A coral reef is a type of underwater ecosystem which is characterized by reef-building corals, formed of colonies of coral polyps by calcium carbonate. Coral reefs in India are found in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Gulf of Kutch, Gulf of Mannar, Lakshadweep, Netrani Island and some areas of Gulf of Khambat.

Notes:
The International Radon Project (IRP) is a research initiative that was launched in the 1980s by the World Health Organization (WHO) in order to study the health effects of radon exposure and to develop guidelines for the protection of human health from radon-induced radiation. Radon is a naturally occurring radioactive gas that is produced by the decay of uranium and radium, which are found in small amounts in soil, rock, and water. When radon is released into the air, it can be inhaled into the lungs, where it can expose the body to ionizing radiation and increase the risk of lung cancer.

Notes:
Please note that Carbon footprint is amount of carbon dioxide released in the atmosphere everyday by an electronic gadget / organization. The quantity of all green house gases put together required to maintain the temperature of the environment at a fixed level of 30 degree C at nodal points in the country is also referred to as carbon foot print. The second statement a unit under the Kyoto Protocol representing a reduction of greenhouse gases under the Joint Implementation mechanism is the definition of Emission Reduction Unit, while statement C is emission trading.

Notes:
Bhadra Wildlife Santuary is situated inthe state of Karnataka (Chikamagaluru district). It was formerly known as Jagara Valley Wildlife Sanctuary’ in 1951. In 1974, it was renamed as Bhadra Wildlife Santuary.

Notes:
Sathyamangalam Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area and tiger reserve which is located in the state of Tamil Nadu. It is home to many bird species also like treepies, bulbuls, babblers, mynahs.

Notes:
The FCPF has two separate but complementary funding mechanisms—the Readiness Fund and the Carbon Fund. The Readiness Fund became operational in 2008 and it supports participating countries in the development of REDD+ strategies. The Carbon Fund became operational in 2011 and is designed to pilot performance-based payments for emission reductions from REDD+ programs in a few FCPF countries.

Notes:
The Southern Oscillation is a change in air pressure over the tropical Pacific Ocean. When coastal waters become warmer in the eastern tropical Pacific , the atmospheric pressure above the ocean decreases. Climatologists define these linked phenomenaas El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO).