Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The Adichunchanagiri Wildlife Sanctuary (AWLS) is located in Nagamangala Taluk of Mandya district of Karnataka and is spread over 0.88 square kilometres. This was created mainly for the conservation of peacocks. It also houses nearly 250 species of birds.

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Point Calimere Wildlife and Bird Sanctuary is situated in the state of Tamil Nadu. It was created in the year 1967 for the conservation of an endemic mammal species of India, blackbuck antelope.

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Biligiriranganatha Swamy Temple Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected reserve under the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972. In 2011, the Government of Karnataka declared the site a tiger reserve. The name Biligiri came from the white rock face that constitutes the major hill.

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World Wetlands Day is celebrated every year on 2nd February, to mark the date of the adoption of the Convention on Wetlands on February 2, 1971. It was that day when a small group of environmentalists signed an agreement at the Ramsar Convention in Iran.

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Fish meal is made from fish that are not suitable for human consumption. It is used to feed farm animals. It is also a nutrients rich organic fertilizer with a NPK ratio of 10-2-2.

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Bioremediation is a process that is used to treat contaminated water, soil and subsurface material, by improving environmental factors to stimulate growth of microorganisms and degrade the caused pollutants.

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Tropical Deserts, such as the Sahara Desert in Africa and the Arabian Desert in the Middle East, experience extreme temperature variations between day and night. These regions have some of the highest day-night temperature differences in the world. During the day, the intense sunlight and lack of cloud cover lead to scorching daytime temperatures, often exceeding 100 degrees Fahrenheit (37.8 degrees Celsius) or more. However, at night, due to the absence of cloud cover, the heat rapidly dissipates, causing temperatures to plummet. Nighttime temperatures can drop significantly, sometimes to near-freezing or even below freezing levels, depending on the specific desert.

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First statement is incorrect because the main jet streams are located near the altitude of the tropopause.

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Correct answer is Brown Carbon, which contributes 30 % in damage to Taj Mahal. As per recent analysis of Centre for Science and Environment (CSE), Sulphur dioxide is not the major contributor to damage now, as it was during 1990s. Vehicle emissions are the biggest contributors for brown and black carbon.

Notes:
Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCPs) are those climate pollutants that remain in the atmosphere for a much shorter period of time than longer-lived climate pollutants, such as carbon dioxide (CO2). They include methane, fluorinated gases including hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), and black carbon. Their relative potency, when measured in terms of how they heat the atmosphere, can be tens, hundreds, or even thousands of times greater than that of CO2.