Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

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The Adichunchanagiri Wildlife Sanctuary (AWLS) is located in Nagamangala Taluk of Mandya district of Karnataka and is spread over 0.88 square kilometres. This was created mainly for the conservation of peacocks. It also houses nearly 250 species of birds.

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Lichens are very sensitive to air pollution and water pollution. Areas with healthy lichen populations are lower in air pollution and water pollution. Lichens can thus be used as reliable biological indicators of pollution.

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The United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) was founded as a result of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in June 1972 and has its headquarters in Nairobi, Kenya. UNEP also has six regional offices and various country offices.

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The Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was adopted in the conference at Vienna on 22 March 1985. The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer was an international treaty which was organized in 1987.

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Silent Valley National Park also known as “Sairandhri Vanam” is located in the state of Kerala and is located in the Nilgiri hills. It is home to the lion-tailed macaques, an endangered species of primate. In 1973, “Save Silent Valley” campaign (environmental movement) was initiated when the Kerala State Electricity Board declared to implement the Silent Valley Hydro-Electric Project.

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Parambikkulam wildlife sanctuary is located in the state of Kerala. It was established in the year 1973. It is home to four different tribes i.e. Kadar, Malasar, Muduvar and Mala Malasar. Trees like teak, neem, sandalwood and rosewood are found inside the sanctuary.

Notes:
A chronic occupational lung disease contracted by the prolonged breathing of coal mine dust. The silica and carbon in the coal dust cause black lung disease. About one of every 20 miners studied in the US has X-ray evidence of black lung disease, a form of pneumoconiosis. In its early stages, called simple pneumoconiosis, the disease does not prevent the miner from working or carrying on most normal activities. In some miners, the disease never becomes more severe. Pneumoconiosis is not reversible. There is no specific treatment. Black lung disease has gone by many names, including anthracosis, black lung, black spittle, coal worker’s pneumoconiosis, miner’s asthma, and silicosis.

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The top layer of the soil is generally carried away by the splash of water during rainfall or floods. Rainfall and the surface runoff which may result from rainfall, produces four main types of soil erosion: splash erosion, sheet erosion, rill erosion, and gully erosion.

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Plantation of trees like Banj oak, Myrica, Alder & Rhododendron in between the Chir pine trees can help to prevent forest fires in the Himalayan region. Chir pine are the main reason for forest fires in Himalayan region.

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Wadden Sea agreement is an agreement between Wadden Sea countries, aimed at protection of seals. The Wadden Sea is the largest tidal area in the world and the largest contiguous nature reserve in western Europe. The agreement was signed in the aegis of Convention on Migratory Species (CMS) in 1990.