Environment & Biodiversity MCQs

Notes:
The Sitanadi Wildlife Sanctuary (SWS) is located in Dhamtari District, Chhattisgarh and covers an area of 556 square kilometers. It is a famous tourist attraction which is frequented by wildlife enthusiasts throughout the year. It is named after Sitanadi River which originates from this sanctuary and joins Mahanadi River near Deokhut. Sitanadi Wildlife Sanctuary is known for its lush green flora and rich and unique and diverse fauna and has great potential to emerge as one of the finest wildlife destinations in Central India.

Notes:
The Nameri National Park (NNP) is located in the foothills of the eastern Himalayas in the Sonitpur District of Assam and covers an area of 200 km2. This forest has over 600 species. Some notable species are Gmelina arborea, Michelia champaca, Amari and Bonjolokia. The park is an ideal habitat for a host of other animals including the tiger, leopard, sambar, dhole (the Asiatic wild dog), pygmy hog and Indian wild bison. It is home for orchids like Dendrobium, Cymbidiumand Cypripedioideae.

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In the year 2005, the National Tiger Conservation Authority was established. It is a statutory authority with legal backing to ensure tiger conservation. Project Tiger was launched in 1973. It had no statutory status.

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Margosa oil comes from the neem tree, which is native to India. It has been used for centuries in traditional Indian medicine to treat skin conditions, fever, infections, and inflammation. Rich in antioxidants and fatty acids, margosa oil is valued for its moisturizing, antifungal, and antimicrobial properties.

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National Green Corps is a programme of the Ministry of Environment and Forests of Government of India which aims at promoting environmental activity in schools in India. The motto of the initiative is “Where there is Green, there is Prosperity”.

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Denitrifying bacteria is capable of performing denitrification as part of the nitrogen cycle. It metabolises the nitrogenous compounds using various enzymes and turning the nitrogen oxides back to the nitrogen gas or nitrous oxide.

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Eichhornia crassipes, commonly known as Common Water Hyacinth, is an aquatic plant native to the Amazon basin, and is often considered a highly problematic invasive species outside its native range. The plant was introduced by Belgian colonists to Rwanda to beautify their holdings and then advanced by natural means to Lake Victoria where it was first sighted in 1988. There, without any natural enemies, it has become an ecological plague, suffocating the lake, diminishing the fish reservoir, and hurting the local economies.

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Helmand is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in south of the country. Helmand is believed to be one of the world’s largest opium-producing regions, responsible for around 75% of the world’s total production. This is believed to be more than the whole of Burma, which is the second largest producing nation after Afghanistan.

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Coal ash, also referred to as coal combustion residuals or CCRs, is produced primarily from the burning of coal in coal-fired power plants. Fly Ash, a very fine, powdery material composed mostly of silica made from the burning of finely ground coal in a boiler.

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Biochemical Oxygen Demand is the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms to break down organic material present in a given water sample at certain temperature over a specific time period.