Art & Culture Current Affairs MCQs

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Nepal organized its first three-day International Pashmina Festival to highlight Chyangra Pashmina, sourced from Pashmina goats. Nepal is a major producer of authentic Pashmina, known for its high quality. The wool is hand-combed, hand-spun, and woven using traditional methods with natural dyes and embroidery. The exhibition featured 150 stalls, including 40 showcasing pure Nepali Pashmina. Nepali Pashmina competes internationally, with strong markets in the US, Japan, and Europe. Challenges include raw material supply and the need for policy improvements to expand the market. Fake and blended Pashmina pose a challenge globally, especially in India.

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Nagoba Jatara is an eight-day tribal festival of the Mesram clan of Gond tribes, celebrated in Keslapur village, Adilabad district, Telangana. It is the second-largest tribal festival in India, after the Sammakka Saralamma Jatara. Tribal people from Maharashtra, Chhattisgarh, Odisha, Karnataka, Jharkhand, and Madhya Pradesh also participate. The festival’s deity is ‘Nagoba’ (Sri Shek – Cobra). Rituals include bringing holy water from the Godavari River and the ‘Bheting’ ceremony, where new brides are introduced to the clan. The Gusadi Dance, performed by Gond tribe dancers, is a major attraction.

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A scene featuring Lezim dance in the film, based on Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj, has sparked controversy in Maharashtra. Lezim is a traditional folk dance of Maharashtra performed with a wooden stick fitted with jingling cymbals. It is both a dance and a rigorous physical drill, often performed in formations of twos, fours, or circles. The dance is accompanied by dhol or dholki, with no wind or string instruments. Lezim was traditionally used in all folk dances but is now mainly seen in Ganesha processions. Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj, son of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj, took power in 1681 after a battle with his half-brother Rajaram.

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Sree Gowreeswara Temple, Cherai, has ended a century-old practice of requiring men to remove upper garments before worship. The tradition was a social construct linked to the caste system, not a scriptural rule. It originated to ensure the punool (Brahmin sacred thread) was visible. Cherai Gowreeswara Temple is located in Kerala. Built in 1912, the temple’s idol was installed by Sree Narayana Guru, a social reformer who fought against caste oppression. Some major Kerala temples still enforce this rule, like Sree Padmanabhaswamy, Guruvayur, and Ettumanoor temples.

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Tribal families in Neelabandha celebrated their first electricity supply since Independence with the ‘Dhimsa’ dance. Dhimsa is a popular tribal dance in Andhra Pradesh performed by Bagata, Valmiki, Poraja, Khond, Gadaba, Kondadora, Mukadora, and Kotia tribes. It symbolizes unity and cultural heritage, with themes based on mythology, folktales, economic activities, kinship, and marital life.

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Around 12 Bhil families have accused the Vasantdada Sugar Institute (VSI) of trying to demolish their homes and displace them from ancestral land. Bhils are one of the oldest and most widely distributed tribal groups in India. The name ‘Bhil’ comes from the Dravidian word villu or billu, meaning bow. They belong to the Australoid group and are considered a Dravidian racial tribe of Western India. Bhils are divided into two main groups: central and eastern (Rajput Bhils). Central Bhils mainly live in Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Rajasthan. The Baneshwar Fair is one of the most significant festivals for the Bhil community. It takes place during Shivratri.

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The Geographical Indications (GI) Registry Chennai has granted a new logo for the Kashmir hand-knotted carpet to preserve its exclusivity. Kashmir hand-knotted carpets, locally called “Kal baffi”, date back to the 15th century. Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin introduced carpet weaving in Kashmir by bringing artisans from Persia and Central Asia. Farsi baff and Persian Sehna knots are traditionally used in Kashmir carpets. Simple tools like wooden or metal combs and short scissors are used in weaving. Other GI-tagged Kashmir crafts include Papier Mache, Pashmina, Kani, Sozni, Khatamband, and Walnut Wood Carving.

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The 2nd Simolu Festival began on February 15, 2025, at Bwisang-Na eco-resort in Barunguri, Laokhowa, Assam. The two-day festival celebrated the blooming Bombax ceiba (Shimul) flowers, eco-tourism, conservation, and local culture. Events included cycling, camping, ethnic cuisine displays, cultural performances, and awareness sessions.

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Historians urged the government to push for Lepakshi Temple’s inclusion in the UNESCO heritage list. The 16th-century temple in Andhra Pradesh is known for its Dravidian-style architecture, intricate carvings, and monolithic structures. It is dedicated to Lord Veerabhadra, a form of Lord Shiva. In March 2023, UNESCO placed the temple on its provisional list of heritage sites. The State and Central governments are now studying its architecture, sculptures, murals, and the world’s largest monolithic Nandi statue to submit a detailed report for final UNESCO recognition.

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Supreme Court directed Forest Research Institute (FRI) to conduct a tree census in the Taj Trapezium Zone (TTZ). TTZ covers 10,400 sq km around the Taj Mahal to protect it from pollution. It includes three UNESCO World Heritage Sites – Taj Mahal, Agra Fort, and Fatehpur Sikri. 1996 Supreme Court ruling banned coal/coke use in TTZ industries, mandating a switch to natural gas or relocation. Centre formed TTZ Pollution Prevention Authority under the Environment Protection Act, 1986. TTZ has four zones: Red, Green, Orange, and White.