With respect to the eco-sensitive zone (ESZ), consider the following statements:

ESZ is a fragile area that exists within 1 kilometer of protected areas.

These are declared under Wildlife Protection Act, 1972.

Commercial mining, stone quarrying, wastewater disposal etc. are not allowed in ESZ.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Question

Recently, the Supreme Court directed that every protected forest, national park and wildlife sanctuary across the country should have a mandatory eco-sensitive zone (ESZ) of a minimum one km starting from their demarcated boundaries.
Eco-Sensitive Zone means the fragile area that exists within 10 kilometers of protected areas like National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries. These areas act as “shock absorbers” to the protected areas by regulating and managing the activities around such areas.
The ESZ around protected areas are declared by the Ministry of Environment Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
Activities not permitted in ESZ include commercial mining, stone quarrying, crushing units, tourism activities like flying over protected areas in an aircraft or hot air balloon, setting up industries that cause pollution, establishment of hydro-electric projects, commercial use of firewood, solid waste disposal or wastewater disposal, etc.
Activities permitted in ESZ include ongoing agriculture and horticulture practices by local communities, rainwater harvesting, organic farming, adoption of green technology and use of renewable energy sources.

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Recently, the Supreme Court directed that every protected forest, national park and wildlife sanctuary across the country should have a mandatory eco-sensitive zone (ESZ) of a minimum one km starting from their demarcated boundaries.
Eco-Sensitive Zone means the fragile area that exists within 10 kilometers of protected areas like National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries. These areas act as “shock absorbers” to the protected areas by regulating and managing the activities around such areas.
The ESZ around protected areas are declared by the Ministry of Environment Forests and Climate Change (MoEF&CC) under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.
Activities not permitted in ESZ include commercial mining, stone quarrying, crushing units, tourism activities like flying over protected areas in an aircraft or hot air balloon, setting up industries that cause pollution, establishment of hydro-electric projects, commercial use of firewood, solid waste disposal or wastewater disposal, etc.
Activities permitted in ESZ include ongoing agriculture and horticulture practices by local communities, rainwater harvesting, organic farming, adoption of green technology and use of renewable energy sources.