Q. The most important reason for collection of “Chauth” and “Sardeshmukhi” by Marathas was __?
Answer: To increase the source of income
Notes: Shivaji collected the chauth and sardeshmukhi from the territory which was either under his enemies or under his own influence. The chauth was one fourth part of the income of a particular territory while the sardeshmukhi was one tenth. Shivaji collected these taxes simply by force of his arms. These constituted of the primary sources of income of Shivaji and helped in the extension of the power and territory of the Marathas.

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