Yogyakarta Principles recognise freedom of sexual orientation and gender identity as part of Human Rights.
They were outlined in 2006 in United States of America.
In Navtej Singh Johar vs. Union of India (2018), the court declared transgenders as the ‘Third Gender’.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct? Answer:
Only 1
Notes:
Yogyakarta Principles recognise freedom of sexual orientation and gender identity as part of Human Rights. They were outlined in 2006 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia by a distinguished group of International Human Right experts.
Naz Foundation vs. Govt. of NCT of Delhi (2009) is one of the first case laws wherein Section 377 of the IPC was held unconstitutional, as it discriminated against the LGBTQ community of the country and violated their privacy as individuals.
In Suresh Kumar Koushal Case (2013), SC overturned the previous judgment by Delhi High Court (2009) that decriminalised homosexual acts and criminalised homosexuality once again.
In Justice K.S. Puttaswamy vs. Union of India (2017), SC ruled that Fundamental Right to Privacy is intrinsic to life and liberty and thus, comes under Article 21 of the Indian constitution. SC declared that bodily autonomy was an integral part of the right to privacy. This bodily autonomy has within its ambit sexual orientation of an individual.
Navtej Singh Johar vs. Union of India (2018) decriminalised homosexuality.
In National Legal Services Authority vs Union of India (2014), the court declared transgenders as the ‘Third Gender’ and affirmed the fundamental rights guaranteed to them. They were also granted reservations in admissions to educational institutions and jobs.