Q. With reference to Red Sanders, an endangered tree species protected under CITES and the Indian Forest Act, consider the below statements:
  1. Red Sanders is endemic and restricted to parts of the Eastern Ghats mountain range
  2. It thrives in Tropical Rainforests
  3. It grows in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala
Which of the above is / are correct statements?

Answer: Only 2 & 3
Notes: Here are some facts about Red Sanders endemic to the Eastern Ghats:
  1. Scientific name - The scientific name of Red Sanders is Pterocarpus santalinus. It is also called Red Sandalwood.
  2. Geography - Red Sanders is endemic and restricted to parts of the Eastern Ghats mountain range in southeastern India. It grows in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala in this region.
  3. Ecology - It thrives in dry deciduous forests of the Eastern Ghats at elevations between 600-900 meters. The climate is tropical and rainfall is 1000-1200 mm in these habitats.
  4. Morphology - Red Sanders is a small to medium sized tree that can grow up to 15 meters tall. The leaves are green with a leathery texture.
  5. Wood - The wood is heavy, dense and dark red in color due to a pigment called Santalin. The wood is extremely valuable.
  6. Conservation - Due to high demand and illegal smuggling, Red Sanders is an endangered species. It is protected under CITES and the Indian Forest Act. Efforts are ongoing to replenish depleted natural populations.

This question is part of UPSC Daily 20 MCQ Series Course on GKToday Android app.