New Orchid Species Discovered in Tripura

A new orchid species, Coelogyne tripurensis, has been discovered in Jampui Hills, Tripura. This area is about 200 km from Agartala and is the highest hill range in the state, located at an altitude of 3000 feet. The research was conducted by Arjun Adit and Pankaj Kumar and published in the journal Phytotaxa.

Discovery Location

Jampui Hills is known for its rich biodiversity. It lies at the westernmost edge of the Indo-Myanmar Biodiversity Hotspot. The region is characterized by moist broadleaf forests, which provide a suitable habitat for various plant species, including orchids.

Research Details

The research team conducted field visits from 2017 to 2022. They focused on an orchid bio-inventory survey in Tripura. During these visits, they collected photographs and morphometric data. They also noted the geographical coordinates of the orchid species.

Characteristics of Coelogyne tripurensis

Coelogyne tripurensis is an epiphytic orchid. This means it grows on other plants, deriving moisture and nutrients from the air and rain. The species is part of the Coelogyne genus, which includes around 600 species. These orchids are popular in horticulture for their ornamental value and ease of growth.

Genus Characteristics

The Coelogyne genus is primarily tropical, found from the Indian subcontinent to the South-West Pacific Islands. The orchids are characterised by a free labellum and often have distinctive features such as smooth or warty keels.

Section Fuliginosae

Coelogyne tripurensis belongs to the section Fuliginosae. This section is known for its showy flowers and unique escape with enveloping glumes. The flowers open successively, revealing the labellum’s keels.

Taxonomic Challenges

The paper marks the complexity of classifying orchids in this section. Species exhibit a high degree of phenotypic plasticity, making identification challenging. This has led to differing opinions among experts.

Collection and Preservation

Due to its threatened status, only one specimen of Coelogyne tripurensis was collected. This specimen was pressed and treated with formalin for preservation. It is now housed in the Delhi University Herbarium.

Identification Key Development

The researchers prepared a dichotomous key for identifying species within the Fuliginosae section. This key is based on distinguishable morphological features, aiding in the classification of these orchids.

The discovery of Coelogyne tripurensis adds to the biodiversity knowledge of the region. It marks the ecological significance of Jampui Hills and the need for conservation efforts. The research also contributes to the understanding of the Coelogyne genus and its complex taxonomy.

Month: Current Affairs - October, 2024

Category: Science & Technology Current Affairs