New Non-Invasive Method to Extract DNA from Palaeolithic Remains
By using a new non-invasive method to extract DNA from a Paleolithic deer tooth pendant found in Denisova Cave, Siberia, scientists have obtained the genomes of both deer and ancient humans. This breakthrough led to the ability to determine that the pendant was roughly 19,000-25,000 years old. This new method offers a promising alternative to traditional methods of DNA extraction, which can be destructive and alter specimens or risk alteration of specimens submerged in extraction buffer solutions.
Overview of the non-destructive DNA extraction method
The non-destructive DNA extraction method involves gradually increasing the temperature while submerging the object in a sodium phosphate buffer. DNA trapped in ancient bone and tooth artifacts is released into the solution, enabling further sequencing and analysis without causing damage to the specimen.
Promising artifacts for DNA analysis
Artifacts made of stones, bones, and teeth offer insights into human behaviors and culture in Paleolithic times. Objects made from animal bones or teeth, in particular, are promising because they are porous and allow penetration of DNA-containing fluids such as sweat, blood, or saliva, which can be used to infer the makers or users of such objects.
Identification of a female individual with genetic affinities
The deer tooth pendant’s creator or wearer was identified by researchers as a female individual who shared a close genetic relationship with a group of Ancient North Eurasian people who lived in the same period but were only previously discovered farther east in Siberia.
Potential of ancient artifacts
The recent findings demonstrate the potential of ancient artifacts to provide a previously undiscovered source of ancient human DNA that can directly link genetic and cultural information. It has been recommended that archaeologists follow protocols to minimize handling during and after excavation to prevent surface DNA contamination.
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Month: Current Affairs - May, 2023
Category: Science & Technology Current Affairs