New Fungal Disease Threatens Ginger Crops in Karnataka

February 6, 2025

In 2024, researchers from the ICAR-Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR) in Kozhikode discovered a new fungal disease affecting ginger crops in Kodagu, Karnataka. The disease, caused by the pathogen Pyricularia spp., poses threat to ginger cultivation. This is the first recorded incidence of Pyricularia affecting ginger, a plant previously unaffected by this pathogen.

Identification of the Disease

The disease manifests as yellowing leaves with dark olive-green spots.
These symptoms appear in the early stages and can lead to rapid spread across fields.
Once established, the infection can cover large areas within hours, resulting in severe crop loss and plant death.
Although the rhizomes remain unaffected, the premature leaf yellowing disrupts proper rhizome formation, causing losses of up to 30% in rhizome weight for farmers.

Climatic Conditions and Spread

The spread of the disease is closely linked to specific climatic conditions in Kodagu.
The region experienced dew fall during August and September, creating an ideal environment for the fungal pathogen.
This moisture allows the pathogen to thrive, leading to widespread infection in ginger fields while other regions remain unaffected due to different environmental factors.

Challenges in Research

Researchers faced difficulties in studying the disease, as samples often dried out before reaching the laboratory. Despite these challenges, scientists successfully identified Pyricularia spp. as the causative agent after extensive investigation. Understanding the pathogen’s behaviour and environmental triggers remains a priority for ongoing research.

Advice for Farmers

Farmers are advised to refrain from cultivating ginger in affected areas temporarily. The rapid spread of the disease necessitates swift action to mitigate losses. Ongoing studies by the ICAR-IISR aim to deepen understanding of the pathogen and enhance management strategies for affected farmers.

Economic Implications

The disease threatens not just crop yields but also the livelihoods of ginger farmers in Kodagu. Given ginger’s importance in local agriculture, addressing this issue is critical for maintaining economic stability in the region.

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