What is Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)?

January 4, 2025

China’s disease control authority recently announced a pilot monitoring system aimed at tracking pneumonia of unknown origin. This initiative comes in response to an expected rise in respiratory infections during the winter months. The country has already observed an increase in overall infections, particularly in northern provinces, with human metapneumovirus (HMPV) emerging as a notable pathogen among younger populations. Despite viral social media claims about a health emergency, no official declaration has been made.

About Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV)

Human metapneumovirus is a respiratory virus first identified in 2001. It belongs to the Pneumoviridae family, which includes other viruses like respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). HMPV causes infections resembling the common cold, affecting both upper and lower respiratory tracts. The virus is most prevalent during winter and early spring, with children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals at higher risk for complications.

Symptoms of HMPV Infection

Symptoms of HMPV infection include cough, runny or blocked nose, sore throat, fever, and wheezing. The incubation period typically ranges from three to six days. Most individuals recover without medical intervention within a few days. However, some may develop complications such as bronchitis or pneumonia, necessitating medical attention.

Transmission of HMPV

HMPV spreads through direct contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces. Transmission can occur via respiratory secretions from coughs or sneezes. Close contact, such as shaking hands or hugging an infected person, increases the risk. Touching contaminated objects, like doorknobs or phones, followed by touching one’s face can also facilitate the spread of the virus.

Treatment Options for HMPV

Currently, there is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for HMPV. Most patients manage symptoms with over-the-counter medications to alleviate fever and pain. Decongestants may also be used. Antibiotics are ineffective against HMPV, as it is a viral infection.

Preventing HMPV Infection

Preventative measures are crucial for reducing the risk of HMPV infection. Frequent handwashing with soap and water is essential. Avoiding close contact with infected individuals and refraining from touching the face, nose, or eyes can help. Wearing a mask during potential exposure can prevent transmission to others. Individuals with pre-existing lung conditions should exercise additional caution.

HMPV was first discovered in 2001.
It belongs to the Pneumoviridae family.
Symptoms can mimic those of the common cold.
There is currently no vaccine for HMPV.
The virus is more prevalent in winter and early spring.

Health Ministry’s Response to Rising Cases

In light of the situation in China, the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) in India is actively monitoring respiratory infections. The NCDC is collaborating with international health agencies to assess the situation. Recent data shows a rise in acute respiratory infections, including HMPV, although the overall intensity of respiratory diseases in China is reportedly lower than the previous year. A seasonal increase in respiratory pathogens is anticipated in the northern hemisphere during winter.

« Previous Post Next Post »