UPSC Mains Model Questions – November, 2023

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In November 2023, we had published 100 posts.

GS-II: Constitution of India & Polity

1. Present an overview of attitude of regional parties in India over centre-state relations.

2. Discuss the principles and philosophy underlying the doctrine of 'basic structure' as enunciated in Keshvananda Bharti's case. Which features of the Constitution have so far been declared as part of its basic structure by the Supreme Court?

3. The concept of electoral bonds has been proposed as a way of reforming election funding. Are there any loopholes in this concept? Critically discuss while suggesting ways to plug those loopholes or alternative ways to clean electoral funding.

4. Discuss the reasons for poor public service delivery in India. Also, suggest ways to make public service delivery more efficient.

5. Analyze the impact of political climate of UPA-I and UPA-II governments on the functioning of centre-state relations. Have there been any substantial changes in the current regime? Discuss.

6. To what extent, the recent proposal of electoral bonds can help in increasing transparency in political funding in India? Critically examine.

7. In the light of inefficiencies of the current judicial system, examine the need for putting in place an All India Judicial Service.

8. Can the advice given by the Council of Ministers to the President be inquired into by the courts? Examine the scope and ambit of the exclusion of judicial review mandated by Article 74(2) of the constitution.

9. In your view, what can be implications of making governor devoid of his power to reserve bills for presidential assent? Critically discuss while keeping in focus article 200 of the constitution.

10. The state of J&K has continued its constitutional integration with India although at a very slow pace. Discuss. Why it is said that most important characteristic of this process of constitutional integration is its irreversibility?

11. Enumerate the fundamental rights pertaining to religious freedom in Constitution of India. Do you agree with the view that Freedom of religion implies freedom to change religion also? Give reasons.

12. Elucidate the major changes India's federal democracy has undergone in last seven decades ?

13. Despite various laws to prevent criminalization of politics in India, the entry of people with criminal antecedents in politics is still prevalent. In the light of several judicial pronouncements related to this, suggest some remedial measures.

14. What are the essential conditions of promulgating the ordinance with respect to President and Governors in India? How far in the present time the ordinance making power became a tool of bypassing the democratic procedure? Discuss with suitable examples.

15. Free and fair elections are the cornerstone of our democracy and to ensure it, an Election commission free from any political pressure is of paramount importance. In this context, discuss the need to have a relook at the process of appointment and removal of election commissioners to the ECI.

16. The primary reason behind local self government institutions failing to fulfill their envisaged objectives is the attitude of state governments towards them. Discuss in the context of constitutional provisions and recent experience of the working of these institutions in India.

17. Explain the Supreme Court's verdict in Abhiram Singh Vs C D Commachen & Others case. To what extent this judgment can wipe out identity politics in the country? Critically discuss.

18. Indian polity is influenced by Westminster model of government, but it is also unique in its own way. In this context, discuss the commonalities and differences between the political system of India and UK.

19. Despite consistent efforts made by successive government rural development still seems to be a distant dream? Critically examine the challenges to rural development schemes at structural, functional and implementation level?

20. Highlight the need to establish an effective and functional relationship between Gram Panchayats and Self Help Groups (SHGs). Also suggest some measures to achieve it.

GS-II: International Relations

1. In light of the economic rise of Bangladesh, examine the opportunities for India and hope for South Asia. Discuss the associated challenges and suggest a way forward.

2. “In recent years, the emerging economies in east are increasing their geo-economic footprints, while the previous proponents of globalization in west seem to be stepping back.” Do you agree with this observation? Discuss while analyzing the implications of such trends on North-South relationship and India.

3. Elucidate the geography of "areas of dispute"between India and China. Despite the fact that these areas are much larger than Pak-Occupied Kashmir (PoK), least attention is paid to them in Indian media. Discuss the reasons.

4. What do you understand by the term overseas development assistance (ODA)? Critically discuss the trends in overseas development assistance flows in recent years

5. India is facing challenge of China’s aggressive stance but this challenge has also provided India an opportunity to strengthen itself internationally and domestically. Discuss.

6. India’s Afghanistan Policy needs to keep in view the increasing closeness of Taliban with China. The need of the hour is to increase engagement while keeping in mind its core issues. Elaborate.

7. How far would you agree that the League of Nations was 'a complete failure, a total irrelevance in world history'?

8. What are the key strategic reasons behind India's support towards Asia Africa Growth Corridor (AAGC) Project. What are the major challenges? Critically discuss.

9. Explain why the League of Nations was hailed as a success during the 1920s but was considered a failure by 1936.

10. The Indian Diaspora present in Gulf countries is an asset for India, however there are multiple challenges associated with it. Discuss.

11. In the case of Maldives, it’s not the size but the location that makes it strategically significant. Explain in the context of India’s neighbourhood first approach.

12. Present an account of the Indus Water Treaty and examine its ecological, economic and political implications in the context of changing bilateral relations.

13. Paris Agreement is toothless and has no mechanisms to enforce actions, and therefore will have little impact. Discuss critically.

14. 'The UN has only been successful in resolving conflict when one of the superpowers has intervened to support it.' How far would you agree with this view?

15. Disputes regarding sharing of water of transnational rivers are highly driven by resource constraints. Explain with special reference to some water sharing disputes in South Asia.

16. The recent efforts to normalise relations between Israel and UAE may open new possibilities for India. Analyse.

17. India's Foreign Policy derives its strength from Gandhism, Liberalism, Democratic Socialism and Internationalism. Discuss the ideological basis of India's Foreign Policy on the basis of the above statement.

18. Trade and connectivity is the key for better engagement with neighbours. Discuss this in context of India and South Asia. Also examine the opportunities and challenges in this region.

19. China’s BRI is often accused of creating unsustainable debt-for-infrastructure deals across the world. Discuss in light of debt-trap diplomacy of China.

20. While keeping in focus India's role in the UN peacekeeping operations, critically examine the practical difficulties and lacunae in peace keeping operations in current times. Make feasible suggestions for the improvement and development of India's role in UN peacekeeping.

GS-II: Social Justice

1. The land ceiling laws were enforced in 1950s and 1960s as a part of Land Reforms but they are now often alleged to be misconceived since they don't allow viable land holdings. Critically discuss this paradox suggesting it can be addressed.

2. In the context of primary healthcare in India, the only way to fulfill the objectives of equitable and comprehensive care is to democratize it. Discuss.

3. To what extent the Tripura Model has been successful in improving the Human Development Index of the state? Discuss its salient features.

4. As per recent study, it has been found that high levels of β-lactam-resistant bacteria and genes generated from Pharma industry are responsible for growing antimicrobial resistance. Discuss the measures taken by government under its 2017 National Action Plan for Antimicrobial Resistance, to control the problem.

5. As per World Bank report titled "Global Burden of Disease", non-communicable diseases are causing more premature mortality and disability in India compared to communicable diseases. Examine the reasons for the same while suggesting some of the measures adopted in National Health Policy- 2017 to tackle the problem.

6. "Witnesses are the eyes and ears of the justice system and failure of the state to protect the state fails to uphold the national motto – Satyamev Jayate."Critically examine the feasibility and issues towards a separate witness protection law in India.

7. Is the competition among neighboring states for attracting more investments and funds is within the spirit of competitive federalism? Discuss while taking examples of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh.

8. Enumerating the key objectives of the Foreign Contribution Act, discuss why the recent amendments in the act are seen as a matter of great concern for the development sector in India.

9. What are the findings about India's economic progress in the World Inequality Report 2018? Discuss the reasons for the high and persistent income inequality in the country.

10. Discuss the implications of Supreme Court mandate to exclude the telecom consumers and services from the purview of Consumer Protection Act. Include the views of parliamentary Standing Committee on IT on this matter in your answer.

11. What is an orphan drug? How the absence of regulations for Orphan Drugs in India acting as a gaping lacuna in the health-care services?

12. Discuss the potential of progress in genomics and bioinformatics towards better healthcare in India.

13. What provisions have been made in the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 to create an inclusive work environment? Keep your answer limited to provisions regarding private sector in the law.

14. What is the KPME (Amendment) Bill and why are private doctors in Karnataka up in arms against it?

15. ‘To ensure effective implementation of policies addressing water, sanitation and hygiene needs the identification of the beneficiary segments is to be synchronized with anticipated outcomes.” Examine the statement in the context of the WASH scheme.

16. With reference to children's learning outcomes, how the ASER survey and National Achievement Survey (NAS) are different from each other? Critically comment on the quality of education in the light of these survey findings.

17. The quota demands are certainly result of the politics of patronage and there is a need to shift political discourse to empowerment of people." Critically discuss.

18. The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015 is too protective of juvenile offenders? Comment citing specific provisions.

19. Critically discus the December, 2017 Supreme Court directives to government to weed out large numbers of irrational, unscientific and hazardous fixed dose combination drugs.

20. While elucidating their utility, explain why the biological drugs are called the future of medicine? Analyze the impediments to make India a hub for manufacturing biological drugs.

GS-III: Economy & Economic Development

1. It has been argued that shifting from traditional agriculture to e-Agriculture and the use of ICT tools can transform the agriculture scenario in India. Discuss, along with initiatives taken in this regard.

2. Creating a healthy power sector

3. Tackling recent economic slowdown

4. The government needs a fine balance between rationalising income tax rates and maintaining revenue collection. Comment.

5. National Data Repository: Concept, Content and Uses

6. MDR charges and UPI

7. The government has recently made amendments to the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC). Discuss the key changes being made and what will be the affects ?

8. There is an utmost need for an appropriate institutional design, incentives and market infrastructure to integrate digital technologies with agri-value chains. Comment.

9. MUDRA NPA Issues

10. There are several issues that are plaguing the crop procurement process in India. Discuss the measures to strengthen crop procurement in India.

11. IMF suggestions to revive India’s economy

12. Are recent steps taken by RBI on the co-operative sector front enough or does the Reserve bank needs to do more?

13. Government Policies and Economic Slowdown

14. Throwing light upon the problem of huge debt owed by the Electricity DISCOMs to GENCOs of the country, suggest measure to tackle the same.

15. GST & Its Design

16. Motor Vehicle Act and its Effect

17. Discuss the significance of the indigenous manufacturing of Calcium Nitrate & Boronated Calcium Nitrate in India.

18. Telecom Industry & AGR

19. Promotion of secondary agriculture

20. Hydropower & South Asia

21. Discuss the significance of the recently launched metal index (METLDEX) and bullion index (BULLDEX) in strengthening commodity derivatives trading and price discovery in India.

22. Is the new seeds Bill titled against farmers’ interests and is in favour of seed companies ? Discuss.

23. The Indian Railways need to improve its competitiveness if it needs to compete with the growing aviation sector. Discuss.

24. Compliance and Competitiveness with GST

25. Critically discuss the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on Start-up ecosystem of India.

26. Alternatives to revive the economy

27. Stagflation in India

28. The Government of India is considering a cut in personal income tax rates. Comment on whether a tax cut can help.

29. The level of bad loans under PM Mudra Yojana have been increasing, analyse the steps which need to be taken to fix the Mudra Scheme.

30. The country is currently embroiled in a low growth and high inflation conflict which raises the root cause of the crisis. Elucidate.

31. With Rising inflation and deceleration of the economy, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) in its fifth monetary policy has kept the repo rate unchanged . How does it fare for the economy and what measures can be adopted to boost the economy ?

32. What is an International Financial Service centre ? Discuss the need for such an authority in India ?

33. GST Collections Fail To Reach Predicted Limit

34. RBI’s Operation Twist

35. Examine the key features of the new Labour Code bills passed recently by parliament of India.

36. The Government seeks to push ahead with the strategic sales of profit-making PSUs. In this context, discuss whether this decision is strategically sound or not.

37. Discuss the National Infrastructure Pipeline and its effects on the Indian Economy.

38. Economic growth: Going Forward

39. The once-iconic Air India has witnessed a disastrous fall in the last four decades. What steps should the government take to transform the embattled airline ?

40. Steps that RBI can take to Boost Growth