Linux

Linux is an open source operating system developed by Linus Torvalds as a version of UNIX that could run on a home computer. He patented Linux in 1991, and then made the system and its code available to others, free of charge, over the Internet. He licensed the system in such a way that anyone can copy and use it, but any improved versions a user creates must be made available to others under the same term, so this was under the GNU GPL. This was more than enough to make the computer programmers from all over the world to flock and make additions and improvements. Today, Linux is considered to be a faster, safer operating system.

Most popular Open Source Programmes are as follows:

Application software

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• 7-Zip — file archiver
  
• Blender — 3D graphics editor
  
• GIMP — graphics editor
  
• LibreOffice — office suite
  
• Open Office- Office Suite
  
• Mozilla Firefox — web browser
  
• Mozilla Thunderbird — e-mail client
  

Operating systems

• Ubuntu is a popular open-source computer operating system, and a form of Linux.
  
• FreeBSD — operating system derived from Unix
  
• Linux/GNU — family of Unix-like operating systems
  
• OpenSolaris — Sun Microsystems’s discontinued operating system derived from Unix
  
• Symbian — real-time mobile operating system
  
• Haiku — free and open source operating system.
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Programming languages

• PHP — scripting language suited for the websites
• Python — general purpose programming language

Server software

• Apache — HTTP web server
• Drupal — content management system
• MediaWiki — wiki server software, the software that runs Wikipedia
• MongoDB — document-oriented, non-relational database
• Moodle — course management system or virtual learning environment
• RenovatioCMS — content management system
• WordPress — blog software
• Joomla – a website software