“Levels and Trends in Child Mortality” Report

March 31, 2025

The “Levels and Trends in Child Mortality” report was released recently by the United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UNIGME). UNIGME (United Nations Inter-agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation) is led by UNICEF, WHO, World Bank, and UN Population Division. The report is published annually with data from 195 countries.

India’s Key Achievements in Mortality Reduction

India has achieved a 70 per cent decline in the under-five mortality rate and a 61 per cent decline in the neonatal mortality rate. This positions India among the top performers globally. The reduction in stillbirths is also noteworthy, with a 60.4 per cent decrease compared to a global reduction of 37 per cent. India ranks seventh among countries with the highest reduction in stillbirths.

Health Infrastructure Enhancements

The improvements in child mortality are attributed to enhanced health coverage and infrastructure. Key initiatives include the establishment of maternity waiting homes and newborn care units. These facilities ensure better access to healthcare services for mothers and infants. The government has also focused on training skilled birth attendants, including midwives and community health workers.

Ayushman Bharat Scheme

The Ayushman Bharat scheme plays important role in these achievements. It is the world’s largest health insurance scheme, providing nearly US$5500 annual coverage per family. This scheme aims to deliver quality healthcare without financial burden. It ensures free deliveries, medications, and diagnostic support for pregnant women and infants.

Data Systems and Surveillance Improvements

India has invested in data systems and digital surveillance to monitor maternal and child health indicators. Continuous improvements in data collection support evidence-based decision-making. This strategic approach aids in identifying areas needing attention and resources.

Global Context and Challenges

Despite these achievements, challenges remain. In 2023, an estimated 4.8 million children died before age five, including 2.3 million newborns. Many of these deaths are preventable and linked to unequal access to healthcare. Factors such as socio-economic status and living conditions affect children’s survival rates.

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