Krishonnati Yojana

There are three departments in Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare viz. Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare; Department of Agricultural Research and Education and Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.

With the change in central government in 2014, the schemes of the ministry were also reorganized, consolidated and mixed with new schemes. As per current status:

• All schemes which are related to crop husbandry {i.e. related to crop cultivation, soil, micro-irrigation, improvement in production etc.} were put under a single umbrella programme called Krishonnati Yojna. This umbrella covers all high flying schemes of Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare related to crop cultivation, soil, marketing, improvement in production etc.
• All schemes related to Irrigation were consolidated into Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY). The earlier irrigation schemes were fragmented {for example AIBP came under Water Resources Ministry, IWMP came under Rural Development Ministry etc.}. This scheme has been now placed under Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare.
• Rashtriya Pashudhan Vikas Yojana {White Revolution} and Integrated Development and Management of Fisheries {Blue Revolution}; these two schemes fall under the Department of Animal Husbandry, Dairying and Fisheries.

Krishonnati Yojana

Krishonnati Yojana is the name of umbrella comprising all the schemes of the government related to crop husbandry including micro-irrigation but excluding major, medium and minor irrigation. The following schemes come under Krishonnati:

• Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)
• National Crop Insurance Programme (NCIP)
• National Food Security Mission (NFSM)
• National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA), which includes Soil Health Card Scheme, Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana, National Project on Agro-forestry etc.
• Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)
• National Mission on Oilseeds & Oil Palm (NMOOP)
• National Mission on Agricultural Extension & Technology
• Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Marketing
• Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Cooperation
• Investment in Debentures of State Land Development Banks
• National Agri-Tech Infrastructure Fund
• Price Stabilization Fund for Cereals & Vegetables
• Micro-Irrigation Part of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (Jal Sinchan)

The last one above is important for your exam. Only micro-irrigation has been included in Krishonnati; while the Major, Medium and Minor irrigation schemes would come under the main scheme {PMKSY}. Further, note that some schemes under Krishonnati are to be implemented by only centre while others by states with financial support from centre. In this way, this scheme has two parts viz. Central and State.

Rastriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY)

This scheme was launched in 2007 as a response to faltering growth of agriculture in the economy and was aimed at achieving 4% growth target in agriculture. After it was launched, the UPA government added many sub-schemes under the same scheme and made susceptible to corruption from all sides. Such sub-schemes included BGREI, Integrated Development of 60,000 Pulses Villages in Rainfed Areas, Promotion of Oil Palm, Initiative on Vegetable Clusters, National Programme on Nutri-cereals, National Mission for Protein Supplements, Accelerated Fodder Development Programme, Rainfed Area Development Programme, National Saffron Mission and Vidarbha Intensified Irrigation Development Programme. In 2015, the CAG found several irregularities, including fund diversion in this scheme.

Currently, this scheme comes under Krishonnati Yojana {state plan} and is being continued during XIIth Plan period. The components are still running but they are now implemented by the state with funds from centre. The funds are routed into three components viz. production growth, infrastructure and assets, sub-schemes and flexi-fund.

National Crop Insurance Programme (NCIP)

NCIP was launched by UPA in 2013 by merging three earlier schemes viz. Modified National Agricultural insurance Scheme (MNAIS), Weather Based Crop insurance Scheme (WBCIS) and Coconut Palm Insurance Scheme (CPIS). These three schemes now serve as components of the NCIP. Further, the first component MNAIS will be replaced by Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana in June 2016. This scheme has been approved by cabinet and is to start in Kharif Season this year. Thus, PMFBY is also a component of the NCIP, which itself is under umbrella of Krishonnati.

National Food Security Mission (NFSM)

NFSM was launched in 2007 for 5 years to increase production and productivity of wheat, rice and pulses on a sustainable basis so as to ensure food security of the country.  The targets of 11th five year plan exceeded and it was extended to 12th five year plan in 2012. In the 12th Plan, NFSM aims at raising the food grain production by 25 million tonnes. Besides rice, wheat and pulses, NFSM proposes to cover coarse cereals and fodder crops during the 12th plan period (2012-17). Currently, this scheme is being implemented as a component of Krishonnati Yojana and is being implemented in all states with special focus on low productivity areas.

National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)

This scheme was launched by UPA government with four components viz. Rainfed Area Development (RAD); On Farm Water Management (OFWM); Soil Health Management (SHM) and Climate Change and Sustainable Agriculture: Monitoring, Modeling and Networking (CCSAMMN). This scheme is now running as a part of Krishonnati Yojana and includes two recently launched schemes viz. Soil Health Card Scheme, Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana, National Project on Agro Forestry. National Agro-Forestry Policy was brought out in 2014 to bring about coordination, convergence and synergy among various elements of Agro-Forestry.

Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)

The UPA Government had consolidated the horticulture related schemes of UPA government under one Umbrella of Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture. Thus, this scheme is made of following existing schemes which now serve as its components:

• National Horticulture Mission and National Horticulture Board: These try to improve horticulture development in 18 states and Union territories for development of horticulture.
• Horticulture Mission for North East and Himalayan States (HMNEH): This scheme is being implemented in North East and Himalayan states
• National Bamboo Mission (NBM): This component addresses issues related to bamboo production and cultivation
• Coconut Development Board: Focuses on Coconut sector development.

Total outlay for MIDH is around Rs. 16,840 Crore for 2012-17 period.

National Mission on Oilseeds & Oil Palm (NMOOP)

For improvement in oil production and oil palm production, the current Government is promoting National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP) during 2012-17. There are three mini missions in this scheme viz. Mini-mission-I, II and III. Mini Mission-I focuses on oilseeds; Mini Mission II on oil palm and Mini Mission III on tree-borne oilseed (TBOs).

National Mission on Agricultural Extension & Technology

National Mission on Agricultural Extension and Technology (NIMAET) focusses on extension and technology in farming. This mission has four sub-missions viz. Sub-mission on Agricultural Extension (SMAE), Sub-Mission on Seed and Planting Material (SMSP), Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanization (SMAM) and Sub Mission on Plant Protection and Plant Quarantine (SMPP). This scheme aims to bring maximum possible farmers within the ambit of cost effective and remunerative mechanized farming for improved productivity and sustainable farm growth in the country. It also covers seed production and plant protection along with strengthening regulatory framework for management of pesticides and plant quarantine.

Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Marketing

Six schemes of 11th plan period have been merged in a single integrated scheme from April 1, 2014. This Integrated Scheme for Agricultural Marketing (ISAM)”, which has Rs. 4500 Crore outlay in 12th plan; has five components focussing on marketing infrastructure, agri-business development, Marketing information network etc.

Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Census and Statistics

Agricultural census is done in India every five years to collect, compile and maintain database on different facets of the agriculture sector, study and analyse the socio-economic conditions of the agricultural sector and provide policy inputs.

Integrated Scheme on Agriculture Cooperation

This scheme was launched by UPA and has been kept within Krishonnati Yojana umbrella. The scheme focuses on cooperative sector for farm related activities such as disbursement of credit, distribution of agricultural inputs like seeds, fertilizers and agro-chemicals and in arranging storage, processing and marketing of farm produce.

Investment in Debentures of State Land Development Banks

Special Debentures are floated by State Land Development Banks (SLDBs)/State Cooperative Agriculture and Rural Development Banks (SCARDBs) for minor irrigation, horticulture/plantation, farm mechanization, land improvement, customization of compound walls, cattle sheds, farmhouses which are contributed to by NABARD, Central and State Governments.

National Agri-Tech Infrastructure Fund

This scheme focuses on Promotion of National Agricultural Market through Agri-Tech Infrastructure Fund (ATIF). The objective is to create a national market through implementation of an appropriate e-market platform that would be deployable in wholesale markets across states and union territories.

Price Stabilization Fund for Cereals and Vegetables

This fund is made of Rs. 500 Crore and provides advance interest free loans to states and central/ state agencies to support their working capital and other expenses on procurement interventions for perishable agri-horticultural commodities when prices crash and farmers need to be protected. When prices are anticipated to increase substantially, then procurement of these commodities can be done from market to reduce the cost of intermediation and make them available at a cheaper price to the consumers.

Jal Sichan

Jal Sinchan is a component of Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana and it promotes micro-irrigation in the form of drips, sprinklers, pivots, rain-guns in the farm. Only this component in irrigation has been put under Krishonnati Yojana.