India Signs Deal for T-72 Tank Engines Upgrade

March 8, 2025

In move to enhance its military capabilities, the Indian Ministry of Defence has signed a contract with Rosoboronexport of Russia. This $248 million deal involves procuring 1,000 HP engines for T-72 tanks. The agreement also includes the transfer of technology to Indian manufacturers. This initiative aligns with India’s “Make in India” programme, aimed at boosting domestic defence production.

T-72 Tank Overview

The T-72 is a Soviet-designed main battle tank introduced in 1971.
It remains a vital part of many armed forces, including India’s.
The Indian Army currently employs T-72 tanks fitted with 780 HP engines.
Upgrading to 1,000 HP engines will improve their mobility and offensive capabilities.

Importance of the Upgrade

Equipping the T-72 tanks with more powerful engines will enhance their battlefield performance. The upgrade is essential for maintaining operational effectiveness in modern combat scenarios. The T-72’s improved mobility will allow for better manoeuvrability during military operations.

Technological Advancements

The latest T-72 variants, such as the CI-Ajeya, feature advanced systems. These include GPS navigation, Explosive Reactive Armour, and Integrated Fire Detection Systems. These upgrades ensure that the T-72 remains competitive in contemporary warfare.

River-Crossing Capabilities

One notable feature of the T-72 is its ability to cross rivers. The tank can navigate waters up to 16 feet deep using a snorkel. This capability is crucial for operational mobility, although it poses risks if the engine fails underwater.

Modernisation Challenges

The Indian Army has faced challenges in modernising its T-72 fleet. Initial plans focused on the indigenous Arjun tank programme but shifted towards upgrading existing T-72 tanks due to delays. The Operation Rhino plan aims to enhance 1,500 T-72M1 tanks with modern fire control and navigation systems.

Indigenisation Efforts

India is actively working to reduce dependence on Russian components for T-72 tanks. The Indian Army has sought information from domestic firms for tank overhauls and service life extensions. This initiative has gained momentum due to difficulties in securing spare parts amid geopolitical tensions.

Future Plans for Domestic Manufacturing

The Heavy Vehicles Factory in Avadi, Tamil Nadu, is responsible for manufacturing T-72 tanks. The Ministry of Defence plans to procure 1,000 new engines under the “buy and make” category, promoting domestic production. This strategy aims to establish a self-reliant defence ecosystem in India.

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