ILO Report on Algorithmic Management and Job Quality

April 25, 2025

Recently, the ILO released a report titled ‘Revolutionizing health and safety: The role of AI and digitalization at work’. It was published ahead of the World Day for Safety and Health at Work on April 28. It highlighted the impact of algorithmic management (AM) on job quality in India. The International Labour Organisation (ILO) has noted a decline in job quality due to increased surveillance and monitoring. This decline contrasts with experiences in countries like France and Italy, where AM has had a neutral or positive effect. The ILO’s findings highlight the importance of regulatory frameworks in shaping the outcomes of AM technologies.

Definition of Algorithmic Management

Algorithmic management refers to the use of digital tools and techniques to oversee workforces. It relies on data collection and surveillance to facilitate automated decision-making. This approach is prevalent in the gig economy but is now spreading to traditional sectors.

Characteristics of Algorithmic Management

AM incorporates various features such as consumer-sourced rating systems and automated nudges. These elements enable companies to manage workers remotely and optimise their performance. However, this management style raises concerns about worker autonomy and decision-making power.

Impact on Job Quality

In India, AM has resulted in a deterioration of job quality. Workers face increased speed and efficiency pressures due to technology-enabled surveillance. This environment restricts personal discretion and can lead to a lack of engagement in decision-making processes.

Challenges to Workers’ Rights

The rise of AM presents several challenges for workers. These include:

Surveillance and Control: Constant monitoring may lead to heightened stress and reduced job satisfaction.
Transparency Issues: Workers often lack insight into how AM systems operate, creating power imbalances.
Bias and Discrimination: Algorithms may unintentionally perpetuate biases, affecting worker evaluations.
Accountability Gaps: Companies can distance themselves from the consequences of decisions made by AM systems.

Occupational Safety and Health Concerns

The shift to remote work has introduced new challenges for occupational safety and health (OSH). Many remote workers lack proper workstations, leading to physical health issues. Common problems include musculoskeletal disorders and increased risks of chronic diseases due to sedentary behaviour.

Regulatory Frameworks

The effectiveness of AM technologies is influenced by the regulatory environment. Countries with robust labour protections may mitigate the negative impacts of AM. In contrast, weaker regulations can exacerbate issues related to job quality and worker rights.

Future of Work with Algorithmic Management

As AM continues to evolve, its implications for the workforce will become more pronounced. The balance between efficiency and worker welfare will be crucial. Policymakers, companies, and workers must navigate this complex landscape to ensure fair and equitable working conditions.

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