Haryanka dynasty

The Haryanka Dynasty was a short-lived dynasty that ruled between circa 544 BC to 413 BC over the Magadha region in ancient India. It is believed to have succeeded the Pradyota dynasty (682 BC–544 BC), which was known for its bloody and feudalistic tradition. The Haryanka Dynasty also faced a similar fate, with its rulers being victims of patricide, which ultimately led to its downfall.

The Rise of Haryanka Dynasty

The exact origins of the Haryanka Dynasty are shrouded in mystery, with conflicting accounts in various historical texts. According to the Jain texts, the Haryanka Dynasty was established after a civil revolt that uprooted Varttivarddhana, who was last ruler of dynasty in 544 BC by Bimbisara.

Notable Rulers of Haryanka Dynasty

Two notable rulers of the Haryanka Dynasty were Bimbisara and Ajatshatru. Bimbisara is known for his diplomatic skills and his patronage of the Buddha. He is said to have met the Buddha before his enlightenment and was one of his most devoted followers. Bimbisara also expanded his kingdom by conquering neighboring territories and is credited with laying the foundation for the Mauryan Empire. After Bimbisara’s death, his son Ajatshatru ascended to the throne.

Ajatshatru is a controversial figure in Indian history, known for his ruthless and violent rule. He is believed to have murdered his father to gain the throne and is said to have imprisoned his own mother. Ajatshatru also engaged in several wars and conquered many neighboring territories. Despite his violent rule, he is credited with expanding the Magadha kingdom and making it a dominant power in ancient India.

End of Haryanka Dynasty

The Haryanka Dynasty faced a similar fate as the Pradyota dynasty, with its rulers being victims of patricide. Ajatshatru was killed by his own son, Udayin, who ascended to the throne after his father’s death. However, Udayin’s rule was also short-lived, and he was succeeded by Anuruddha, who was assassinated by his own son, Munda. The cycle of patricide continued with Munda’s son, Nagadasaka, who also killed his father to gain the throne.

The dynastic feuding and violence ultimately triggered a revolt, and the people overthrew the Haryanka Dynasty. Shishunaga, who had previously been installed as king after the overthrow of the Pradyota dynasty, was once again chosen to rule. This marked the beginning of the Shishunaga Dynasty, which would rule over the Magadha kingdom for over a century.