Semiconductor Synthesized from Graphene

January 14, 2025

In February 2024, a remarkable achievement in materials science occurred when a US-China research team synthesised a functional semiconductor from graphene. This breakthrough is set to transform various industries, including electronics, energy storage, and medical devices. The unique properties of graphene, such as its strength, conductivity, and flexibility, have positioned it as a very important material for future technological advancements.

Graphene – A Game-Changer in Technology

Graphene is a one-atom-thick layer of carbon atoms arranged in a two-dimensional lattice. Its exceptional electrical and thermal conductivity makes it ideal for a multitude of applications. Industries are beginning to explore its potential in computing, energy solutions, and advanced materials. As a result, graphene is considered a mainstay of future technological innovations.

China’s Dominance in Graphene Production

China has emerged as a leader in the global graphene market, controlling over 70% of production by 2023. The country’s strategic investments in research and infrastructure have propelled its advancements. National policies like ‘Made in China 2025’ have contributed to the rapid growth of graphene technology. This dominance marks the need for secure access to essential resources like graphite.

India’s Progress in Graphene Research

India is making commendable strides in graphene research and development. Institutions like the Centre for Nano Science and Engineering at IISc Bangalore have developed innovative methods for producing graphene. Companies such as Tata Steel and Log 9 are exploring applications in plastic recycling and energy storage. The establishment of the India Innovation Centre for Graphene further showcases India’s commitment to advancing this field.

Growth Potential in India’s Graphene Market

The Indian graphene market is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 20.1% from 2017 to 2027. The electronics sector, which has the largest market share, is driving this growth. Government initiatives like Make in India and Production Linked Incentives have boosted the electronics industry, creating a favourable environment for graphene applications.

Challenges Facing India’s Graphene Industry

Despite notable advancements, India faces challenges in the graphene sector. Patent filings remain limited, with most applications originating from foreign companies. Additionally, India’s production capacity is a fraction of that of leaders like China and Brazil. Fragmented infrastructure, high production costs, and a lack of skilled workforce hinder competitiveness on the global stage.

Graphene’s name derives from “graphite” and “phenomenon”.
The National Graphene Institute is based in Manchester, UK.
PCBL received a patent for graphene-based rubber compounds (Patent No IN544320).
Graphene is 200 times stronger than steel.
The global graphene market is projected to reach $6.25 billion by 2031.

Strategic Steps for India’s Graphene Future

To harness the potential of graphene, India must adopt a strategic approach. Establishing dedicated industrial parks for graphene production and increasing R&D funding are essential steps. Collaborating with international leaders in graphene research could enhance India’s capabilities. Forming a National Graphene Industry Alliance may help address industry needs and promote the adoption of graphene-based solutions. Educational initiatives can raise awareness about graphene’s benefits, driving demand and production capacity.

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