Golden Jackals Resurface in Urban Mumbai

January 7, 2025

The golden jackal, a native species, has been increasingly spotted in urban areas of Mumbai, particularly in Navi Mumbai. Once thriving in mangroves and grasslands, these animals are now venturing into bustling neighbourhoods due to habitat loss caused by urban development. The Wildlife Conservation Society India conducted a survey revealing that golden jackals are predominantly nocturnal but are now seen more frequently during the day. This shift indicates their struggle to adapt to the pressures of urbanisation.

Current Status of Golden Jackals

Golden jackals (Canis aureus) are protected under Schedule I of the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972. Their population in India is estimated at 80,000, but specific numbers in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region remain unclear. Recent urban encroachment has led to increased sightings, particularly in Navi Mumbai, where construction projects have severely impacted their habitats.

Reasons for Increased Sightings

Three primary factors contribute to the rise in jackal sightings. First, habitat destruction from construction projects forces jackals into urban areas. Second, the presence of stray dogs may encourage jackals to venture closer to human habitats. Third, jackals are adapting to urban environments, altering their behaviour from being shy to being more visible in community spaces.

Impact of Urbanisation on Jackals

Urbanisation has led to tragic consequences for golden jackals. Car accidents have become a leading cause of death, with reports of jackals being killed on highways. The adaptation of jackals to urban landscapes increases the risk of such incidents, as their natural movement patterns are disrupted by roads and human activity.

Importance of Biodiversity and Conservation Efforts

Golden jackals play a vital role in maintaining biodiversity within their ecosystems. They help control populations of smaller animals and contribute to the ecological balance. Conservationists stress the need for a comprehensive census to understand jackal populations better and to implement effective conservation strategies.

The Need for a Census and Monitoring

Currently, there has been no formal census of golden jackals in the region. Experts recommend using camera traps to study their relative abundance. This method helps researchers gauge jackal activity in various locations, providing vital information about their population dynamics and movements.

Golden jackals are nocturnal but increasingly active during the day.
They can adapt their behaviour due to urban pressures.
Jackals are crucial for controlling smaller animal populations.
Highway accidents are threat to their survival.
Camera traps are essential for studying jackal populations.

Proposed Conservation Measures

Conservationists advocate for launching a dedicated initiative to protect golden jackals and their habitats. This includes conducting accurate population assessments through radio-collaring and tracking. Additionally, operationalising a veterinary hospital in Jui Nagar could provide care for injured jackals. Enhanced management of mangroves and wetlands is crucial for preserving their natural habitats.

Community Coexistence and Future Outlook

In certain areas, like the BSNL Quarters and BARC in Chembur, residents have coexisted peacefully with golden jackals for years. This coexistence model can serve as a blueprint for other urban areas like Kharghar. As Navi Mumbai continues to develop, balancing urban growth with wildlife conservation remains essential for ensuring the survival of golden jackals and the ecosystems they inhabit.

« Previous Post Next Post »