Abolition of Sati by Lord William Bentinck

Practice of Sati was followed in India among several communities (generally higher classes among Hindus) since late ancient and medieval era. It was first banned in 1515 by Portuguese in Goa, and then was by Dutch in Chinsura and French in Pondicherry. However, this practice was not much prevalent in these areas. During British era, the Practice of Sati was most common in Bengal and Rajputana. The British permitted it initially; but formally banned the practice in 1798 only in Calcutta. However, it continued in the surrounding areas.

By the dawn of 19th century, the British had started collecting facts and figures on practice of Sati. The data showed that only in 1817, 700 widows had been burnt alive in Bengal alone.

Efforts of Raja Rammohan Roy

From 1812 onwards, reformers such as Raja Rammohan Roy started fierce campaign against the Sati practice. Raja Rammohan Roy was personally hurt by this practice as his own sister-in-law was forced to commit Sati. He used to visit the Calcutta cremation grounds to persuade widows not to so die. He also formed the watch groups. In Sambad Kaumudi he wrote articles and showed that it was not written in any Veda or epics to commit this crime.

Ban on Sati Practice by William Bentinck

Due to fierce campaign and lobbying of Raja Rammohan Roy and others,Sati practice was formally banned in all the lands under Bengal Presidency by Lord William Bentinck on 4 December 1829. By this regulation, the people who abetted sati were declared guilty of “culpable homicide.”

Aftermath

The ban was challenged in the courts. The matter went to the Privy Council in London. The Privy Council upheld the ban in 1832. After that other territories also started following banning, but it remained legal in princely states, particularly in the Rajputana where it was very common. Later, Jaipur banned the practice in 1846.


12 Comments

  1. akanksha sharma

    May 31, 2012 at 7:26 pm

    i still don’t get the answer of my question.did LORD WILLIAM BENTINCK abolished sati first in india

    Reply
    • Piyush

      June 5, 2018 at 12:09 am

      No ,Raha rammohan Roy was first to abolied sati movement in india

      Reply
  2. vibhuti tiwari

    July 24, 2012 at 9:06 pm

    i too did not get my answer.

    Reply
  3. Shrikant

    August 23, 2013 at 5:43 pm

    Lord william bentinc abolished sati first in bengal and afterwards law was extended to other parts directly under british but not in princely states

    Reply
  4. Shrikant

    August 23, 2013 at 5:44 pm

    Two more references about abolition of sati was first by portugese in Goa and second by guru govind singh while formation of Khalsa

    Reply
  5. sona sivajothi.

    November 9, 2013 at 7:21 pm

    even I dont think only william bentrick 1st abolished sati.it is raja ram mohan roy.

    Reply
  6. SANDEEP

    March 23, 2015 at 12:11 pm

    its more likely to be correct

    Reply
  7. Aniyan Samuel

    March 28, 2015 at 10:17 pm

    I wonder why did you forget to mention the name of William Carry the one who did all efforts to stop this evil practice

    Reply
  8. ishfaq khursheed ik

    August 10, 2017 at 7:44 am

    correct

    Reply
  9. sonalika

    November 11, 2017 at 6:06 am

    i toooooo stil not get my answer correctly…..

    Reply
  10. Borra m reddy

    March 2, 2021 at 8:27 pm

    Raja Ramamohan Roy,whose own sister in law was forced to commit sati, tried to work as a social reformer but no body really listened to him. It was only when the Governor General of India Lord William Bentinck banned officially and ordered that any body who abets this practice will be tried for murder,the practice got a set back. But the Hindu organisation called Dharma sabha appealed to the British Privy council against the ban,
    . After lot of deliberations the privy council rejected the appeal of Dhrama sabha and in their order the council said the practice is barbaric and revolting even to think about it! So thank the British for the reform!

    Reply
  11. Dr.B.M.Reddy

    March 2, 2021 at 10:08 pm

    The answer to Akanksha Sharma is simple. Yes. It is indeed Lord William Bentinck who banned Sati in India. There are some details as some social reformers like Ramamohan Roy worked with all their heart to,educate people against sati but the law with a gun was passed by William Bentinck with a threat that any body who supports it will face murder charges. And then the Dharma samithimwent to the Privy council and it was again William Bentinck who pulled strings to get the appeal rejected.

    Reply

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