Arthropoda

Arthropoda is the largest phylum of animal kingdom because around 2/3rd of all the named species on Earth belong to this phylum. Ants, mosquitoes, flies, cockroaches, shrimp, crabs, spiders, scorpions etc. are examples of arthropods. There are three main classes ..

Plant Hormones

Plant hormones are signal molecules produced within the plant, and occur in extremely low concentrations. Hormones regulate cellular processes in targeted cells locally and, when moved to other locations, in other locations of the plant. Hormones also determine the formation ..

Photosynthesis

Plants have the amazing ability to harvest energy from the sun using chlorophyll and convert it into carbohydrates. These carbohydrates serve as chief energy source for almost all living beings in the world, including plants themselves. Photosynthesis is the process ..

Types of Plant Tissues

In plants, there are two kinds of tissues viz. Meristematic tissues and Permanent Tissues. Meristematic Issue The Meristematic tissues are divisible and cells in these tissues retain the power of division, so that plant keeps growing. These tissues are found ..

What is dendrochronolgy?

The branch of botany under which annul a rings of the plant are studied is called dendrochronolgy. By the elevation of number of annual rings in the plants or trees, the ages of the plants or trees are estimated exactly. ..

Types of Fruits

The fruit is usually formed in the ovary of the plant and pericarp is formed from the mature ovary walls. But in the formation of some fruits like apple, jack fruit etc, calyx, corolla, thalamus etc participate and such fruits ..

Parts of a Flower in Angiosperms

A Flower is a composite system of modified leaves and knots, which directly participates in the reproductive activity and produces fruits and seeds. Usually a flower is composed from four modified leaves which are attached to the thickened receptacle thalamus. ..

Types of Leaves in Angiosperms

Leaves prepare food for the plants. Respiratory activities are performed  by the leaves through stomata. Leaves perform the vascular and execratory activities of foodstuffs. Leave help in performing conducive reproduction and pollination. Some leaves work to store food-stuffs. Leaves undergo ..

Stem Modifications in Angiosperms

On the basis of the position of the soil, stems are of three types: Underground stem: The branch or part of the stem which intruses inside the soil is called underground stem. These  stems store the food in the stem, ..

Root Modification in Angiosperms

Roots of Angiosperms always move opposite to the sunlight. The soft parts of roots and root hairs absorb water and mineral salts from the soil. The root transports water and mineral salts to the stem and ultimately to the leaves. ..