Protection of Vulture in India

Vultures, who feed on dead animals, were once the most abundant birds across the world, including Indian subcontinent. Vultures have ecological, social and cultural significance in India. They perform the important task of nature –scavenging on carcasses of animals and ..

Biodiversity: Meaning, Distribution, Types and Importance

Biodiversity or biological diversity is the variety and variability of life on Earth. Biodiversity is a measure of variation at the genetic (genetic variability), species (species diversity), and ecosystem (ecosystem diversity) level.  The first use of the term ‘biological diversity’ ..

Floral Biodiversity of Western Ghats

Western Ghats, a 1,600 kilometer mountain range running parallel to India’s western coast, is a global biodiversity hotspot renowned for its extraordinary floral as well as faunal richness. Over 4,000 species of flowering plants are found in this region, of ..

Faunal Biodiversity of Himalayas / Endemic, Endangered Animals of Himalayas

Himalayas are young, biodiverse mountains that sustain high floral and faunal biodiversity. Himalayas constitute 12% of India’s land but host 30.16% of its fauna close to 31000 animal species.  Himalayas split into Western and Eastern at 36°N and 28°N latitude ..

Most Endangered Plant Species of the World

Endangered plant species are those at risk of extinction due to factors like habitat loss, invasive species, pollution, and climate change. The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List is a critical indicator of the health of the ..

Top 50 Recent Animal Extinctions

Earth is currently undergoing its sixth mass extinction event, losing species at a rate up to 100 times higher than normal background levels. In just the last 500 years of human expansion and population growth, over 350 vertebrate species have ..

Sacred Groves in India

Sacred groves are patches of protected forests found across India which are preserved by local communities as living sanctuaries for their spiritual and historical significance. Known by different regional names like ‘devarakadus’, ‘devrais’, ‘sarnas’, these spaces harbor rich biodiversity and ..

Types of Forests in India

India is endowed with a rich diversity of forest types ranging from tropical wet evergreen forests in the Western Ghats and North East to thorn forests in central India. According to official data, India’s total forest and tree cover stands ..

Mangrove Forests in India

Mangrove forests are unique, specialized coastal ecosystems found in tropical and subtropical regions across the world. Mangroves thrive along intertidal shorelines, deltas, estuaries and lagoons where saltwater mixes with freshwater. India hosts mangrove forests along many coastal states on the ..

Ecosystem Cycles

Ecosystem Cycles or Biogeochemical cycles circulate key elements and compounds between the biotic and abiotic components of ecosystems. Major cycles include water, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, and Sulphur. Water Cycle The water cycle, also known as the hydrologic cycle, refers ..